TY  - JOUR
AU  - Djukić, Nikola
AU  - Andrić, Goran
AU  - Ninković, Velemir
AU  - Prazić-Golić, Marijana
AU  - Kljajić, Petar
AU  - Radonjić, Andja
PY  - 2020
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5254
AB  - Tribolium castaneumis one of the most economically important insects that damages stored products. The effects of several infested or uninfested raw feed materials (wheat bran, coarse wheat meal, corn feed flour), feed products (compound feed for pigs and for laying hens) and flour mixed with brewer's yeast on the food-searching behaviour ofT. castaneumadults were studied in a total of 48 combinations. Preference and olfactometer tests revealed that all the tested uninfested and intraspecific infested substrates were significantly more attractive toT. castaneumthan the control (represented by part of an arena or olfactometer arm without substrate). We determined that all infested substrates were 2-9 times more attractive than uninfested in the preference test, while in the olfactometer test, they were 3-8 times more attractive. In comparing the attractiveness of the infested and uninfested substrates, in both tests wheat bran was found to be the most attractive substrate toT. castaneumadults and coarse wheat meal the least. The results of the present study contribute to our knowledge of how raw feed materials and products influence the behaviour ofT. castaneumand their susceptibility to infestation, and indicate the possible utilization of wheat bran in monitoring processes ofT. castaneumin pest management programmes.
PB  - Cambridge Univ Press, Cambridge
T2  - Bulletin of Entomological Research
T1  - Behavioural responses ofTribolium castaneum(Herbst) to different types of uninfested and infested feed
EP  - 557
IS  - 4
SP  - 550
VL  - 110
DO  - 10.1017/S0007485320000024
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Djukić, Nikola and Andrić, Goran and Ninković, Velemir and Prazić-Golić, Marijana and Kljajić, Petar and Radonjić, Andja",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Tribolium castaneumis one of the most economically important insects that damages stored products. The effects of several infested or uninfested raw feed materials (wheat bran, coarse wheat meal, corn feed flour), feed products (compound feed for pigs and for laying hens) and flour mixed with brewer's yeast on the food-searching behaviour ofT. castaneumadults were studied in a total of 48 combinations. Preference and olfactometer tests revealed that all the tested uninfested and intraspecific infested substrates were significantly more attractive toT. castaneumthan the control (represented by part of an arena or olfactometer arm without substrate). We determined that all infested substrates were 2-9 times more attractive than uninfested in the preference test, while in the olfactometer test, they were 3-8 times more attractive. In comparing the attractiveness of the infested and uninfested substrates, in both tests wheat bran was found to be the most attractive substrate toT. castaneumadults and coarse wheat meal the least. The results of the present study contribute to our knowledge of how raw feed materials and products influence the behaviour ofT. castaneumand their susceptibility to infestation, and indicate the possible utilization of wheat bran in monitoring processes ofT. castaneumin pest management programmes.",
publisher = "Cambridge Univ Press, Cambridge",
journal = "Bulletin of Entomological Research",
title = "Behavioural responses ofTribolium castaneum(Herbst) to different types of uninfested and infested feed",
pages = "557-550",
number = "4",
volume = "110",
doi = "10.1017/S0007485320000024"
}

Djukić, N., Andrić, G., Ninković, V., Prazić-Golić, M., Kljajić, P.,& Radonjić, A.. (2020). Behavioural responses ofTribolium castaneum(Herbst) to different types of uninfested and infested feed. in Bulletin of Entomological Research
Cambridge Univ Press, Cambridge., 110(4), 550-557.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485320000024

Djukić N, Andrić G, Ninković V, Prazić-Golić M, Kljajić P, Radonjić A. Behavioural responses ofTribolium castaneum(Herbst) to different types of uninfested and infested feed. in Bulletin of Entomological Research. 2020;110(4):550-557.
doi:10.1017/S0007485320000024 .

Djukić, Nikola, Andrić, Goran, Ninković, Velemir, Prazić-Golić, Marijana, Kljajić, Petar, Radonjić, Andja, "Behavioural responses ofTribolium castaneum(Herbst) to different types of uninfested and infested feed" in Bulletin of Entomological Research, 110, no. 4 (2020):550-557,
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485320000024 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Djukić, Nikola
AU  - Radonjić, Andja
AU  - Andrić, Goran
AU  - Kljajić, Petar
AU  - Pražić-Golić, Marijana
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4888
AB  - Using a two-way olfactometer, the effects of the whole wheat grains and coarse wheat meal odors on the primary Sitophilus granarius (L.), S. oryzae (L.) and S. zeamais (Motch.) and secondary Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and T. confusum (Du Val) stored-product pests behavior were examined. Whole wheat grains and coarse wheat meal were used in uninfested and infested form. Whole wheat grains were infested with S. oryzae adults and coarse wheat meal with T. castaneum adults. The odors of infested wheat grains depending on the insect species were 1.9 to 3 times more attractive than the uninfested wheat grains odors, except for the T. castaneum for whome the odors of infested and uninfested grains were equally attractive (p = 0.641). The greatest difference in the attractiveness of the infested and uninfested wheat grains odors was found for T. confusum (3 times longer in the arm with the odors of infested grain), and the smallest for S. granarius (1.9 times). We found that all primary and secondary stored-product pests, depending on the species, were 1.4 - 2.4 times more attracted to the odors of infested compared to the odors of uninfested wheat meal. The greatest difference in the atraction of infested and uninfested coarse wheat meal odors was recorded for the T. confusum, whose adults were 2.4 times longer in the arm with the odors of infested coarse wheat meal than in the arm with odors of uninfested wheat meal, while the smallest difference (1.4 times) was recorded for S. oryzae. The results of this study give a significant contribution to a better understanding of the storage insects behavior, which could be used in the design of new methods of monitoring of their presence in stored products.
AB  - Pomoću dvokrakog olfaktometra ispitivan je uticaj mirisa pšenice u zrnu i pšenične prekrupe na ponašanje primarnih štetočina Sitophilus granarius (L.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.) i Sitophilus zeamais (Motch) i sekundarnih štetočina Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) i Tribolium confusum (Du Val). Pšenica u zrnu i pšenična prekrupa korišćeni su u neinfestiranom i infestiranom obliku, s tim da su zrna pšenice bila infestirana adultima S.oryzae a prekrupa adultima T. castaneum. Miris infestirane pšenice u zrnu je bio u zavisnosti od insekatske vrste od 1,9 do 3,0 puta atraktivniji od mirisa neinfestirane pšenice, osim za adulte T. castaneum za koje je bio podjednako privlačan (p=0,641). Najveća razlika u atraktivnosti mirisa infestirane i neinfestirane pšenice je zabeležena kod T. confusum (3 puta više vremena u kraku sa mirisom infestiranog zrna), a najmanja kod S. granarius (1,9 puta). Sve primarne i sekundarne štetočine su u zavisnosti od vrste bile od 1,4 - 2,4 puta više privučene mirisom infestirane, nego mirisom neinfestirane pšenične prekrupe. Najveća razlika u atraktivnosti mirisa infestirane i neinfestirane prekrupe, utvrđena je kod T. confusum, čiji su adulti proveli 2,4 puta više vremena u kraku sa mirisom infestirane prekrupe nego u kraku sa mirisom neinfestirane, a najmanja razlika (1,4 puta) zabeležena je kod S.oryzae. Rezultati ovih istraživanja daju značajan doprinos boljem poznavanju ponašanja skladišnih insekata, što bi moglo da se upotrebi u osmišljavanju novog načina praćenja njihovog prisustva u uskladištenim proizvodima.
PB  - Univerzitet u Novom Sadu - Naučni institut za prehrambene tehnologije, Novi Sad
T2  - Food and Feed Research
T1  - Attractiveness of infested and uninfested whole wheat grain and coarse wheat meal odors to coleopteran storage insect pests
T1  - Atraktivnost mirisa infestirane i neinfestirane pšenice u zrnu i prekrupe za skladišne tvrdokrilce
EP  - 118
IS  - 2
SP  - 113
VL  - 45
DO  - 10.5937/FFR1802113D
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Djukić, Nikola and Radonjić, Andja and Andrić, Goran and Kljajić, Petar and Pražić-Golić, Marijana",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Using a two-way olfactometer, the effects of the whole wheat grains and coarse wheat meal odors on the primary Sitophilus granarius (L.), S. oryzae (L.) and S. zeamais (Motch.) and secondary Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and T. confusum (Du Val) stored-product pests behavior were examined. Whole wheat grains and coarse wheat meal were used in uninfested and infested form. Whole wheat grains were infested with S. oryzae adults and coarse wheat meal with T. castaneum adults. The odors of infested wheat grains depending on the insect species were 1.9 to 3 times more attractive than the uninfested wheat grains odors, except for the T. castaneum for whome the odors of infested and uninfested grains were equally attractive (p = 0.641). The greatest difference in the attractiveness of the infested and uninfested wheat grains odors was found for T. confusum (3 times longer in the arm with the odors of infested grain), and the smallest for S. granarius (1.9 times). We found that all primary and secondary stored-product pests, depending on the species, were 1.4 - 2.4 times more attracted to the odors of infested compared to the odors of uninfested wheat meal. The greatest difference in the atraction of infested and uninfested coarse wheat meal odors was recorded for the T. confusum, whose adults were 2.4 times longer in the arm with the odors of infested coarse wheat meal than in the arm with odors of uninfested wheat meal, while the smallest difference (1.4 times) was recorded for S. oryzae. The results of this study give a significant contribution to a better understanding of the storage insects behavior, which could be used in the design of new methods of monitoring of their presence in stored products., Pomoću dvokrakog olfaktometra ispitivan je uticaj mirisa pšenice u zrnu i pšenične prekrupe na ponašanje primarnih štetočina Sitophilus granarius (L.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.) i Sitophilus zeamais (Motch) i sekundarnih štetočina Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) i Tribolium confusum (Du Val). Pšenica u zrnu i pšenična prekrupa korišćeni su u neinfestiranom i infestiranom obliku, s tim da su zrna pšenice bila infestirana adultima S.oryzae a prekrupa adultima T. castaneum. Miris infestirane pšenice u zrnu je bio u zavisnosti od insekatske vrste od 1,9 do 3,0 puta atraktivniji od mirisa neinfestirane pšenice, osim za adulte T. castaneum za koje je bio podjednako privlačan (p=0,641). Najveća razlika u atraktivnosti mirisa infestirane i neinfestirane pšenice je zabeležena kod T. confusum (3 puta više vremena u kraku sa mirisom infestiranog zrna), a najmanja kod S. granarius (1,9 puta). Sve primarne i sekundarne štetočine su u zavisnosti od vrste bile od 1,4 - 2,4 puta više privučene mirisom infestirane, nego mirisom neinfestirane pšenične prekrupe. Najveća razlika u atraktivnosti mirisa infestirane i neinfestirane prekrupe, utvrđena je kod T. confusum, čiji su adulti proveli 2,4 puta više vremena u kraku sa mirisom infestirane prekrupe nego u kraku sa mirisom neinfestirane, a najmanja razlika (1,4 puta) zabeležena je kod S.oryzae. Rezultati ovih istraživanja daju značajan doprinos boljem poznavanju ponašanja skladišnih insekata, što bi moglo da se upotrebi u osmišljavanju novog načina praćenja njihovog prisustva u uskladištenim proizvodima.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Novom Sadu - Naučni institut za prehrambene tehnologije, Novi Sad",
journal = "Food and Feed Research",
title = "Attractiveness of infested and uninfested whole wheat grain and coarse wheat meal odors to coleopteran storage insect pests, Atraktivnost mirisa infestirane i neinfestirane pšenice u zrnu i prekrupe za skladišne tvrdokrilce",
pages = "118-113",
number = "2",
volume = "45",
doi = "10.5937/FFR1802113D"
}

Djukić, N., Radonjić, A., Andrić, G., Kljajić, P.,& Pražić-Golić, M.. (2018). Attractiveness of infested and uninfested whole wheat grain and coarse wheat meal odors to coleopteran storage insect pests. in Food and Feed Research
Univerzitet u Novom Sadu - Naučni institut za prehrambene tehnologije, Novi Sad., 45(2), 113-118.
https://doi.org/10.5937/FFR1802113D

Djukić N, Radonjić A, Andrić G, Kljajić P, Pražić-Golić M. Attractiveness of infested and uninfested whole wheat grain and coarse wheat meal odors to coleopteran storage insect pests. in Food and Feed Research. 2018;45(2):113-118.
doi:10.5937/FFR1802113D .

Djukić, Nikola, Radonjić, Andja, Andrić, Goran, Kljajić, Petar, Pražić-Golić, Marijana, "Attractiveness of infested and uninfested whole wheat grain and coarse wheat meal odors to coleopteran storage insect pests" in Food and Feed Research, 45, no. 2 (2018):113-118,
https://doi.org/10.5937/FFR1802113D . .

TY  - THES
AU  - Djukić, Nikola
PY  - 2017
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/55
AB  - Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) is one of the most harmful species of storage pests. Every year it causes great economic losses in animal feed industry around the world, feeding on a large number of primary and processed plant products of the industry. Nine different primary and processed plant products (substrates), divided in three groups, were used in the experiments: protein-rich plant feed diets (sunflower meal, soybean concentrate and corn gluten), carbohydrate-rich plant feed diets (wheat bran, coarse wheat meal and corn feed flour) and feed products (compound feed for fattening pigs and compound feed for laying hens). The control diet was soft wheat flour type 500 with brewer’s yeast (5%) which is used for laboratory rearing of T. castaneum. In the first experiment we examined the effect of the initial population densities of 10, 25, 50 and 100 insects (undetermined sexes) on the first day of adults emergence, eclosion length, the number and body mass of progeny in 50g of tested substrates. In the second experiment in 10g of tested substrate we examined the influence of the initial population densities of 1, 2, 5, and 10 pairs of insects (determined sexes) on the duration of egg, larva, pupa stages, complete development cycle, the first day of adults emergence, the eclosion length, the number of progeny, the average productivity of females and progeny body mass. After development of progeny (10 pairs / 10g of substrate) in the substrates, the analysis of protein and starch content was conducted using the Kjeldahl apparatus and polarimeter. The analysis aimed to compare the substrates content before and after insects feeding and thus determine which nutrients the insects utilized during their development from the tested substrates. The data was statistically analyzed by repeated measures and one-way ANOVA and the means were separated by Fisher’s LSD test. Using olfactometer and preference test we examined the effect of volatiles of substrates rich in carbohydrates, compound feed for fattening pigs and laying hens and the standard substrate for laboratory rearing, on the behavior of T. castaneum. The substrates were used in uninfested and infested condition...
AB  - Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) jedna je od najštetnijih vrsta skladišnih insekata. Svake godine širom sveta nanosi velike ekonomske štete u industriji hrane za domaće životinje, hraneći se velikim brojem sirovina i proizvoda ove industrije. U eksperimentima je korišćeno 9 različitih biljnih sirovina i proizvoda (supstrata) podeljenih u 3 grupe: supstrati bogati proteinima (suncokretova sačma, sojino brašno i kukuruzni gluten), supstrati bogati ugljenim hidratima (pšenične mekinje, prekrupa i kukuruzno stočno brašno) i gotove smeše (hrana za svinje i koke nosilje), dok je kao kontrola korišćen standardni supstrat za laboratorijsko gajenje T. castaneum (brašno + 5% pivskog kvasca). U prvom eksperimentu je na 50g testiranih supstrata ispitan uticaj početne gustine populacije od 10, 25, 50 i 100 insekata sa neodređenim odnosom polova na: prvi dan pojave, dužinu trajanja perioda eklozije, brojnost i masu potomaka. U drugom eksperimentu na 10g testiranih supstrata ispitan je uticaj početne gustine populacije od 1, 2, 5 i 10 parova insekata određenih polova na dužinu trajanja stadijuma jajeta, larve, lutke, ukupnu dužinu ciklusa razvića, prvi dan pojave imaga, dužinu perioda eklozije, brojnost potomaka, prosečnu produktivnost ženke i masu potomaka. Nakon razvića potomaka (10 parova/10 g supstrata), urađena je analiza sadržaja proteina i skroba u supstratima pomoću Kjeldahl aparature i polarimetra kako bi se uporedio hemijski sastav supstrata pre i nakon ishrane insekata. Podaci su statistički obrađeni višefaktorijalnom analizom varijanse za ponovljena merenja i jednofaktorijalnom analizom varijanse, a srednje vrednosti poređene Fisher's LSD testom. Pomoću olfaktometra i testa izbora ispitan je uticaj mirisa supstrata bogatih ugljenim hidratima, gotovih smeša za ishranu svinja i koka nosilja kao i standardnog supstrata za laboratorijsko gajenje, na ponašanje T. castaneum. Supstrati su korišćeni u neinfestiranom i infestiranom stanju. Infestirani supstrati su dobijeni izlaganjem supstrata odraslim insektima T. castaneum u trajanju od 15 dana, nakon čega su insekti prosejavanjem eleminisani...
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu, Poljoprivredni fakultet
T1  - The effect of primary and processed plant products on red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) development and behaviour
T1  - Uticaj osobina uskladištenih biljnih sirovina i proizvoda na razviće i ponašanje kestenjastog brašnara Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_9263
ER  - 

@phdthesis{
author = "Djukić, Nikola",
year = "2017",
abstract = "Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) is one of the most harmful species of storage pests. Every year it causes great economic losses in animal feed industry around the world, feeding on a large number of primary and processed plant products of the industry. Nine different primary and processed plant products (substrates), divided in three groups, were used in the experiments: protein-rich plant feed diets (sunflower meal, soybean concentrate and corn gluten), carbohydrate-rich plant feed diets (wheat bran, coarse wheat meal and corn feed flour) and feed products (compound feed for fattening pigs and compound feed for laying hens). The control diet was soft wheat flour type 500 with brewer’s yeast (5%) which is used for laboratory rearing of T. castaneum. In the first experiment we examined the effect of the initial population densities of 10, 25, 50 and 100 insects (undetermined sexes) on the first day of adults emergence, eclosion length, the number and body mass of progeny in 50g of tested substrates. In the second experiment in 10g of tested substrate we examined the influence of the initial population densities of 1, 2, 5, and 10 pairs of insects (determined sexes) on the duration of egg, larva, pupa stages, complete development cycle, the first day of adults emergence, the eclosion length, the number of progeny, the average productivity of females and progeny body mass. After development of progeny (10 pairs / 10g of substrate) in the substrates, the analysis of protein and starch content was conducted using the Kjeldahl apparatus and polarimeter. The analysis aimed to compare the substrates content before and after insects feeding and thus determine which nutrients the insects utilized during their development from the tested substrates. The data was statistically analyzed by repeated measures and one-way ANOVA and the means were separated by Fisher’s LSD test. Using olfactometer and preference test we examined the effect of volatiles of substrates rich in carbohydrates, compound feed for fattening pigs and laying hens and the standard substrate for laboratory rearing, on the behavior of T. castaneum. The substrates were used in uninfested and infested condition..., Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) jedna je od najštetnijih vrsta skladišnih insekata. Svake godine širom sveta nanosi velike ekonomske štete u industriji hrane za domaće životinje, hraneći se velikim brojem sirovina i proizvoda ove industrije. U eksperimentima je korišćeno 9 različitih biljnih sirovina i proizvoda (supstrata) podeljenih u 3 grupe: supstrati bogati proteinima (suncokretova sačma, sojino brašno i kukuruzni gluten), supstrati bogati ugljenim hidratima (pšenične mekinje, prekrupa i kukuruzno stočno brašno) i gotove smeše (hrana za svinje i koke nosilje), dok je kao kontrola korišćen standardni supstrat za laboratorijsko gajenje T. castaneum (brašno + 5% pivskog kvasca). U prvom eksperimentu je na 50g testiranih supstrata ispitan uticaj početne gustine populacije od 10, 25, 50 i 100 insekata sa neodređenim odnosom polova na: prvi dan pojave, dužinu trajanja perioda eklozije, brojnost i masu potomaka. U drugom eksperimentu na 10g testiranih supstrata ispitan je uticaj početne gustine populacije od 1, 2, 5 i 10 parova insekata određenih polova na dužinu trajanja stadijuma jajeta, larve, lutke, ukupnu dužinu ciklusa razvića, prvi dan pojave imaga, dužinu perioda eklozije, brojnost potomaka, prosečnu produktivnost ženke i masu potomaka. Nakon razvića potomaka (10 parova/10 g supstrata), urađena je analiza sadržaja proteina i skroba u supstratima pomoću Kjeldahl aparature i polarimetra kako bi se uporedio hemijski sastav supstrata pre i nakon ishrane insekata. Podaci su statistički obrađeni višefaktorijalnom analizom varijanse za ponovljena merenja i jednofaktorijalnom analizom varijanse, a srednje vrednosti poređene Fisher's LSD testom. Pomoću olfaktometra i testa izbora ispitan je uticaj mirisa supstrata bogatih ugljenim hidratima, gotovih smeša za ishranu svinja i koka nosilja kao i standardnog supstrata za laboratorijsko gajenje, na ponašanje T. castaneum. Supstrati su korišćeni u neinfestiranom i infestiranom stanju. Infestirani supstrati su dobijeni izlaganjem supstrata odraslim insektima T. castaneum u trajanju od 15 dana, nakon čega su insekti prosejavanjem eleminisani...",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu, Poljoprivredni fakultet",
title = "The effect of primary and processed plant products on red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) development and behaviour, Uticaj osobina uskladištenih biljnih sirovina i proizvoda na razviće i ponašanje kestenjastog brašnara Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_9263"
}

Djukić, N.. (2017). The effect of primary and processed plant products on red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) development and behaviour. 
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Poljoprivredni fakultet..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_9263

Djukić N. The effect of primary and processed plant products on red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) development and behaviour. 2017;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_9263 .

Djukić, Nikola, "The effect of primary and processed plant products on red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) development and behaviour" (2017),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_9263 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Djukić, Nikola
AU  - Radonjić, Andja
AU  - Lević, Jovanka
AU  - Spasić, Radoslava
AU  - Kljajić, Petar
AU  - Andrić, Goran
PY  - 2016
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4066
AB  - The effects of population densities (10, 25, 50 and 100 adults/50 g) and three diet types (protein-rich, carbohydrates-rich and compound feed) on life parameters (first emergence, development rate, number of progeny and body weight) of T. castaneum progeny were assessed. For each diet type and population density unsexed adults were allowed to feed and oviposit for 7 days before removal. No progeny developed on protein-rich diets (sunflower meal, soybean concentrate, and corn gluten). In carbohydrates-rich diets (corn feed flour, wheat bran, coarse wheat) and compound feed for pigs and laying hens, first adults required the least time to emerge in wheat bran and control diet (wheat flour + 5% yeast) (15.2-16.5 days), and the longest in corn feed flour (23.1-24.5 days). In wheat bran and control diets, the adult emergence period was the shortest (15.7 and 15.2 days) at the initial population densities of 100 and 50 adults/50 g, and significantly longest (16.5 and 16 days) at the lowest density. Conversely, adults fed on feed for hens diet emerged the latest, after 22.5 days, at the population density of 100 adults/50 g, and the earliest, after 18.6 days, at 25 adults/50 g. The shortest period of adult emergence at all population densities was found in the control (15.9-20.2 days) and wheat bran (18 -29.7 days), and the longest in feed for hens (56.2 days) and pigs (59.5 days) at the highest population density. Considering all densities, number of progeny were the highest in control diet (498-1226 adults) and wheat bran (354-1344 adults), and lowest in coarse wheat (220-300 adults). With increasing population density, progeny body weight decreased, and the highest weight was found in control diet and wheat bran (1.7 and 1.6 mg) at the lowest population density, and the lowest weight (1.0 mg) in hen and pig feeds at the highest density.
PB  - Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Journal of Stored Products Research
T1  - The effects of population densities and diet on Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) life parameters
EP  - 13
SP  - 7
VL  - 69
DO  - 10.1016/j.jspr.2016.05.007
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Djukić, Nikola and Radonjić, Andja and Lević, Jovanka and Spasić, Radoslava and Kljajić, Petar and Andrić, Goran",
year = "2016",
abstract = "The effects of population densities (10, 25, 50 and 100 adults/50 g) and three diet types (protein-rich, carbohydrates-rich and compound feed) on life parameters (first emergence, development rate, number of progeny and body weight) of T. castaneum progeny were assessed. For each diet type and population density unsexed adults were allowed to feed and oviposit for 7 days before removal. No progeny developed on protein-rich diets (sunflower meal, soybean concentrate, and corn gluten). In carbohydrates-rich diets (corn feed flour, wheat bran, coarse wheat) and compound feed for pigs and laying hens, first adults required the least time to emerge in wheat bran and control diet (wheat flour + 5% yeast) (15.2-16.5 days), and the longest in corn feed flour (23.1-24.5 days). In wheat bran and control diets, the adult emergence period was the shortest (15.7 and 15.2 days) at the initial population densities of 100 and 50 adults/50 g, and significantly longest (16.5 and 16 days) at the lowest density. Conversely, adults fed on feed for hens diet emerged the latest, after 22.5 days, at the population density of 100 adults/50 g, and the earliest, after 18.6 days, at 25 adults/50 g. The shortest period of adult emergence at all population densities was found in the control (15.9-20.2 days) and wheat bran (18 -29.7 days), and the longest in feed for hens (56.2 days) and pigs (59.5 days) at the highest population density. Considering all densities, number of progeny were the highest in control diet (498-1226 adults) and wheat bran (354-1344 adults), and lowest in coarse wheat (220-300 adults). With increasing population density, progeny body weight decreased, and the highest weight was found in control diet and wheat bran (1.7 and 1.6 mg) at the lowest population density, and the lowest weight (1.0 mg) in hen and pig feeds at the highest density.",
publisher = "Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Journal of Stored Products Research",
title = "The effects of population densities and diet on Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) life parameters",
pages = "13-7",
volume = "69",
doi = "10.1016/j.jspr.2016.05.007"
}

Djukić, N., Radonjić, A., Lević, J., Spasić, R., Kljajić, P.,& Andrić, G.. (2016). The effects of population densities and diet on Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) life parameters. in Journal of Stored Products Research
Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford., 69, 7-13.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2016.05.007

Djukić N, Radonjić A, Lević J, Spasić R, Kljajić P, Andrić G. The effects of population densities and diet on Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) life parameters. in Journal of Stored Products Research. 2016;69:7-13.
doi:10.1016/j.jspr.2016.05.007 .

Djukić, Nikola, Radonjić, Andja, Lević, Jovanka, Spasić, Radoslava, Kljajić, Petar, Andrić, Goran, "The effects of population densities and diet on Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) life parameters" in Journal of Stored Products Research, 69 (2016):7-13,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2016.05.007 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Djukić, Nikola
AU  - Radonjić, Andja
AU  - Andrić, Goran
AU  - Kljajić, Petar
AU  - Drobac, Milica
AU  - Omar, Eihab
AU  - Kovačević, Nada
PY  - 2016
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4241
AB  - Behavior bioassays were conducted in the laboratory (23 ± 1°C and 50 ± 5% r.h.) using the olfactometer to determine the effects of essential oils of three plant species in the Cymbopogon genus (Lemongrass), Cymbopogon nervatus, C. proximus and C. schoenanthus, on adults of Tribolium castaneum. The effect of essential oils was compared to a commercial biopesticide based on azadirachtin at three concentrations (0.0001, 0.001 and 0.01%). The results showed that all essential oils and the azadirachtin-based biopesticide had significant (p  lt 0.05) repellent effects on T. castaneum adults at all tested concentrations, except C. proximus essential oil which showed a neutral effect at the lowest concentration. The highest concentrations of the essential oils of C. nervatus and C. proximus had significantly stronger repellent effects (p  lt 0.05) than the lowest concentration. At the concentrations of 0.0001 and 0.001% all tested essential oils and azadirachtin showed a similar repellent effect without statistically significant difference, whereas the oil of C. nervatus had the highest repellent effect on adults of T. castaneum at the 0.01% concentration. Considering all tested variations, the essential oils of plants of the genus Cymbopogon showed similar or stronger repellent effects on T. castaneum adults than the biopesticide based on azadirachtin.
AB  - U laboratorijskim uslovima (24±1°C i 50±5% r.v.v.) je pomoću olfaktometra ispitivan uticaj etarskih ulja iz tri biljne vrste roda limunovih trava (Cymbopogon nervatus, Cymbopogon proximus i Cymbopogon schoenanthus) na ponašanje (atraktivnost/repelentnost) adulta T. castaneum. Uticaj etarskih ulja na ponašanje kestenjastog brašnara, poređen je sa uticajem biopesticida na bazi azadirahtina u tri koncentracije: 0.0001, 0.001 i 0.01%. Rezultati testiranja pokazali su da sva etarska ulja i biopesticid na bazi azadirahtina u svim ispitivanim koncentracijama ispoljavaju statistički značajan odbijajući uticaj - repelentni efekat na adulte kestenjastog brašnara, osim najniže koncentracije ulja iz biljke C. proximus koja je ispoljila neutralan efekat na brašnara. Najviša koncentracija ulja iz biljaka C. nervatus i C. proximus je ispoljila statistički značajno jači repelentni efekat u odnosu na najnižu koncentraciju. Sva ispitivana etarska ulja i azadirahtin su u koncentracijama 0.0001 i 0.001% ispoljila sličan repelentni efekat bez statistički značajne razlike, dok je ulje iz biljke C. nervatus u koncentraciji 0.01% prouzrokovalo statistički značajno jači repelentni efekat na adulte kestenjastog brašnara u odnosu na ostale ispitivane supstance. Na osnovu rezultata istraživanja sa adultima kestenjastog brašnara može se zaključiti da su etarska ulja iz tri vrste biljaka iz roda Cymbopogon ispoljila sličan i/ili jači repelentni efekat od biopesticida na bazi azadirahtina. Takođe, dobijeni rezultati pokazuju značajan potencijal upotrebe ulja ovih biljaka kao prirodnog sredstva za zaštitu uskladištenih biljnih proizvoda.
PB  - Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Beograd i Društvo za zaštitu bilja Srbije, Beograd
T2  - Pesticidi i fitomedicina
T1  - Attractiveness of essential oils of three Cymbopogon species to Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults
T1  - Uticaj etarskih uija iz tri vrste biljaka roda Cymbopogon na ponašanje kestenjastog brašnara (Tribolium castaneum Herbst)
EP  - 137
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 129
VL  - 31
DO  - 10.2298/PIF1604129D
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Djukić, Nikola and Radonjić, Andja and Andrić, Goran and Kljajić, Petar and Drobac, Milica and Omar, Eihab and Kovačević, Nada",
year = "2016",
abstract = "Behavior bioassays were conducted in the laboratory (23 ± 1°C and 50 ± 5% r.h.) using the olfactometer to determine the effects of essential oils of three plant species in the Cymbopogon genus (Lemongrass), Cymbopogon nervatus, C. proximus and C. schoenanthus, on adults of Tribolium castaneum. The effect of essential oils was compared to a commercial biopesticide based on azadirachtin at three concentrations (0.0001, 0.001 and 0.01%). The results showed that all essential oils and the azadirachtin-based biopesticide had significant (p  lt 0.05) repellent effects on T. castaneum adults at all tested concentrations, except C. proximus essential oil which showed a neutral effect at the lowest concentration. The highest concentrations of the essential oils of C. nervatus and C. proximus had significantly stronger repellent effects (p  lt 0.05) than the lowest concentration. At the concentrations of 0.0001 and 0.001% all tested essential oils and azadirachtin showed a similar repellent effect without statistically significant difference, whereas the oil of C. nervatus had the highest repellent effect on adults of T. castaneum at the 0.01% concentration. Considering all tested variations, the essential oils of plants of the genus Cymbopogon showed similar or stronger repellent effects on T. castaneum adults than the biopesticide based on azadirachtin., U laboratorijskim uslovima (24±1°C i 50±5% r.v.v.) je pomoću olfaktometra ispitivan uticaj etarskih ulja iz tri biljne vrste roda limunovih trava (Cymbopogon nervatus, Cymbopogon proximus i Cymbopogon schoenanthus) na ponašanje (atraktivnost/repelentnost) adulta T. castaneum. Uticaj etarskih ulja na ponašanje kestenjastog brašnara, poređen je sa uticajem biopesticida na bazi azadirahtina u tri koncentracije: 0.0001, 0.001 i 0.01%. Rezultati testiranja pokazali su da sva etarska ulja i biopesticid na bazi azadirahtina u svim ispitivanim koncentracijama ispoljavaju statistički značajan odbijajući uticaj - repelentni efekat na adulte kestenjastog brašnara, osim najniže koncentracije ulja iz biljke C. proximus koja je ispoljila neutralan efekat na brašnara. Najviša koncentracija ulja iz biljaka C. nervatus i C. proximus je ispoljila statistički značajno jači repelentni efekat u odnosu na najnižu koncentraciju. Sva ispitivana etarska ulja i azadirahtin su u koncentracijama 0.0001 i 0.001% ispoljila sličan repelentni efekat bez statistički značajne razlike, dok je ulje iz biljke C. nervatus u koncentraciji 0.01% prouzrokovalo statistički značajno jači repelentni efekat na adulte kestenjastog brašnara u odnosu na ostale ispitivane supstance. Na osnovu rezultata istraživanja sa adultima kestenjastog brašnara može se zaključiti da su etarska ulja iz tri vrste biljaka iz roda Cymbopogon ispoljila sličan i/ili jači repelentni efekat od biopesticida na bazi azadirahtina. Takođe, dobijeni rezultati pokazuju značajan potencijal upotrebe ulja ovih biljaka kao prirodnog sredstva za zaštitu uskladištenih biljnih proizvoda.",
publisher = "Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Beograd i Društvo za zaštitu bilja Srbije, Beograd",
journal = "Pesticidi i fitomedicina",
title = "Attractiveness of essential oils of three Cymbopogon species to Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults, Uticaj etarskih uija iz tri vrste biljaka roda Cymbopogon na ponašanje kestenjastog brašnara (Tribolium castaneum Herbst)",
pages = "137-129",
number = "3-4",
volume = "31",
doi = "10.2298/PIF1604129D"
}

Djukić, N., Radonjić, A., Andrić, G., Kljajić, P., Drobac, M., Omar, E.,& Kovačević, N.. (2016). Attractiveness of essential oils of three Cymbopogon species to Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults. in Pesticidi i fitomedicina
Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Beograd i Društvo za zaštitu bilja Srbije, Beograd., 31(3-4), 129-137.
https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1604129D

Djukić N, Radonjić A, Andrić G, Kljajić P, Drobac M, Omar E, Kovačević N. Attractiveness of essential oils of three Cymbopogon species to Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults. in Pesticidi i fitomedicina. 2016;31(3-4):129-137.
doi:10.2298/PIF1604129D .

Djukić, Nikola, Radonjić, Andja, Andrić, Goran, Kljajić, Petar, Drobac, Milica, Omar, Eihab, Kovačević, Nada, "Attractiveness of essential oils of three Cymbopogon species to Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults" in Pesticidi i fitomedicina, 31, no. 3-4 (2016):129-137,
https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1604129D . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Božičković, Aleksa
AU  - Simić, Aleksandar
AU  - Grubić, Goran
AU  - Znidarsić, Tomaz
AU  - Djordjević, Nenad
AU  - Stojanović, Bojan
PY  - 2016
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4173
AB  - For all crop species, an accurate, quick, and simple method for determination of mean development stage of plants has a key role for scientific and practical use. The investigation was performed to validate a modified methodology for determination of mean stage of development in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). The modified methodology, mean stage by fresh weight (MSFW), assumes that mean stage by weight (MSW) could be determined by fresh, and not only by dry weight, as was required by the original methodology. A total of 198 alfalfa samples were collected in 2010 and 2011. Sampling completely covered three growth cycles: spring growth and first and second regrowths. The correlation (r) between MSW and MSFW was >0.99. In 92% of samples, absolute deviation between MSW and MSFW was  lt 0.15 on a scale between 0 and 9. The equation for prediction of MSFW based on measured MSW, MSFW-predicted = 0.9808. MSW, was developed with the data from the first year (n = 141) and tested with second-year samples (n = 57). Prediction error, expressed by root mean squared deviation (RMSD), was 0.045, while components of mean squared deviation (MSD), such as squared bias (SB), nonunity slope (NU), and lack of correlation (LC), were 8.12 x 10(-4), 5.45 x 10(-4), and 6.67 x 10(-4), respectively. Values close to zero in all three MSD components show that validation line had a approximate to 0, b approximate to 1, and r(2) approximate to 1. As a simpler methodology, MSFW gives an opportunity to be more applicable in practice with all of the benefits of the MSW methodology.
PB  - Wiley, Hoboken
T2  - Crop Science
T1  - Testing of a Modified Methodology for Determination of Mean Stage of Development in Alfalfa
EP  - 898
IS  - 2
SP  - 891
VL  - 56
DO  - 10.2135/cropsci2015.03.0156
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Božičković, Aleksa and Simić, Aleksandar and Grubić, Goran and Znidarsić, Tomaz and Djordjević, Nenad and Stojanović, Bojan",
year = "2016",
abstract = "For all crop species, an accurate, quick, and simple method for determination of mean development stage of plants has a key role for scientific and practical use. The investigation was performed to validate a modified methodology for determination of mean stage of development in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). The modified methodology, mean stage by fresh weight (MSFW), assumes that mean stage by weight (MSW) could be determined by fresh, and not only by dry weight, as was required by the original methodology. A total of 198 alfalfa samples were collected in 2010 and 2011. Sampling completely covered three growth cycles: spring growth and first and second regrowths. The correlation (r) between MSW and MSFW was >0.99. In 92% of samples, absolute deviation between MSW and MSFW was  lt 0.15 on a scale between 0 and 9. The equation for prediction of MSFW based on measured MSW, MSFW-predicted = 0.9808. MSW, was developed with the data from the first year (n = 141) and tested with second-year samples (n = 57). Prediction error, expressed by root mean squared deviation (RMSD), was 0.045, while components of mean squared deviation (MSD), such as squared bias (SB), nonunity slope (NU), and lack of correlation (LC), were 8.12 x 10(-4), 5.45 x 10(-4), and 6.67 x 10(-4), respectively. Values close to zero in all three MSD components show that validation line had a approximate to 0, b approximate to 1, and r(2) approximate to 1. As a simpler methodology, MSFW gives an opportunity to be more applicable in practice with all of the benefits of the MSW methodology.",
publisher = "Wiley, Hoboken",
journal = "Crop Science",
title = "Testing of a Modified Methodology for Determination of Mean Stage of Development in Alfalfa",
pages = "898-891",
number = "2",
volume = "56",
doi = "10.2135/cropsci2015.03.0156"
}

Božičković, A., Simić, A., Grubić, G., Znidarsić, T., Djordjević, N.,& Stojanović, B.. (2016). Testing of a Modified Methodology for Determination of Mean Stage of Development in Alfalfa. in Crop Science
Wiley, Hoboken., 56(2), 891-898.
https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2015.03.0156

Božičković A, Simić A, Grubić G, Znidarsić T, Djordjević N, Stojanović B. Testing of a Modified Methodology for Determination of Mean Stage of Development in Alfalfa. in Crop Science. 2016;56(2):891-898.
doi:10.2135/cropsci2015.03.0156 .

Božičković, Aleksa, Simić, Aleksandar, Grubić, Goran, Znidarsić, Tomaz, Djordjević, Nenad, Stojanović, Bojan, "Testing of a Modified Methodology for Determination of Mean Stage of Development in Alfalfa" in Crop Science, 56, no. 2 (2016):891-898,
https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2015.03.0156 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Djordjević, Nenad
AU  - Dinić, Bora
AU  - Grubić, Goran
AU  - Stojanović, Bojan
AU  - Božičković, Aleksa
PY  - 2015
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3936
AB  - The results of ensiling of various byproducts of crops, vegetables, food and vine industry are shown in the article. These products are ensiled because of their high moisture content, while their nitrogen content is increased by mixing them with fresh lucerne or its hay, or non-protein nitrogen (NPN) compounds are added. The results of domestic experiments show that better results are achieved when lucerne was added, considering lower pH values and lower amounts of ammonia and soluble nitrogen in the produced silages. However, when grape pomace was ensiled in September the problem is low availability of lucerne and that is why NPN compounds are utilized. When they are used the amount of soluble nitrogen matters in silage is increased, which may cause some negative influence on production, health and fertility in ruminants.
AB  - U radu su prikazani rezultati siliranja različitih pratećih proizvoda ratarstva, povrtarstva, prehrambene industrije i vinarija. Navedeni proizvodi se, zbog visokog sadržaja vlage, konzervišu siliranjem a u cilju povećanja sadržaja sirovih proteina vrši se njihovo kombinovanje sa zelenom lucerkom i lucerkinim senom, ili se dodaju NPN jedinjenja. Rezultati domaćih eksperimenata pokazuju da se pri upotrebi lucerke dobijaju bolji rezultati u pogledu kvaliteta silaža, odnosno manje pH vrednosti i manje količine amonijačnog i rastvorljivog azota. Međutim, pri siliranju komine grožđa u septembru mesecu, javlja se problem zbog malih količina lucerke, zbog čega se koriste NPN jedinjenja. Njihovom upotrebom povećava se količina rastvorljivih azotnih materija u silaži, što može biti problem za proizvodnost, zdravlje i plodnost preživara.
PB  - Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela
T2  - Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
T1  - Improvement of silages prepared from byproducts with natural or synthetic nitrogen sources
T1  - Oplemenjivanje silaže od pratećih proizvoda upotrebom prirodnih ili sintetičkih izvora azota
EP  - 72
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 65
VL  - 21
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3936
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Djordjević, Nenad and Dinić, Bora and Grubić, Goran and Stojanović, Bojan and Božičković, Aleksa",
year = "2015",
abstract = "The results of ensiling of various byproducts of crops, vegetables, food and vine industry are shown in the article. These products are ensiled because of their high moisture content, while their nitrogen content is increased by mixing them with fresh lucerne or its hay, or non-protein nitrogen (NPN) compounds are added. The results of domestic experiments show that better results are achieved when lucerne was added, considering lower pH values and lower amounts of ammonia and soluble nitrogen in the produced silages. However, when grape pomace was ensiled in September the problem is low availability of lucerne and that is why NPN compounds are utilized. When they are used the amount of soluble nitrogen matters in silage is increased, which may cause some negative influence on production, health and fertility in ruminants., U radu su prikazani rezultati siliranja različitih pratećih proizvoda ratarstva, povrtarstva, prehrambene industrije i vinarija. Navedeni proizvodi se, zbog visokog sadržaja vlage, konzervišu siliranjem a u cilju povećanja sadržaja sirovih proteina vrši se njihovo kombinovanje sa zelenom lucerkom i lucerkinim senom, ili se dodaju NPN jedinjenja. Rezultati domaćih eksperimenata pokazuju da se pri upotrebi lucerke dobijaju bolji rezultati u pogledu kvaliteta silaža, odnosno manje pH vrednosti i manje količine amonijačnog i rastvorljivog azota. Međutim, pri siliranju komine grožđa u septembru mesecu, javlja se problem zbog malih količina lucerke, zbog čega se koriste NPN jedinjenja. Njihovom upotrebom povećava se količina rastvorljivih azotnih materija u silaži, što može biti problem za proizvodnost, zdravlje i plodnost preživara.",
publisher = "Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela",
journal = "Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik",
title = "Improvement of silages prepared from byproducts with natural or synthetic nitrogen sources, Oplemenjivanje silaže od pratećih proizvoda upotrebom prirodnih ili sintetičkih izvora azota",
pages = "72-65",
number = "3-4",
volume = "21",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3936"
}

Djordjević, N., Dinić, B., Grubić, G., Stojanović, B.,& Božičković, A.. (2015). Improvement of silages prepared from byproducts with natural or synthetic nitrogen sources. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela., 21(3-4), 65-72.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3936

Djordjević N, Dinić B, Grubić G, Stojanović B, Božičković A. Improvement of silages prepared from byproducts with natural or synthetic nitrogen sources. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik. 2015;21(3-4):65-72.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3936 .

Djordjević, Nenad, Dinić, Bora, Grubić, Goran, Stojanović, Bojan, Božičković, Aleksa, "Improvement of silages prepared from byproducts with natural or synthetic nitrogen sources" in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik, 21, no. 3-4 (2015):65-72,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3936 .

TY  - THES
AU  - Božičković, Aleksa
PY  - 2014
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/23
AB  - The investigation was done on 141 samples of one alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivar, collected from the same location during the first three growth cycles: spring growth, the first and the second regrowth. The following parameters in alfalfa during the whole growth cycle were observed: mean morphological stage and changes in chemical composition and nutritive value. For that purpose a total of 141 samples were collected, actually 72, 35 and 34 samples during the three growth cycles: spring growth, first regrowth and second regrowth. Investigation was carried out in order to obtain mean morphological stage within each growth cycle. Sampling was done during the whole growing period, commencing when plant height was below 150 mm and continuing until plants were bearing ripe seeds, to evaluate chemical composition and nutritive value based on mean morphological stage. Two methods for determination of mean morphological stage were used: Mean Stage by Count (MSC) and Mean Stage by Weight (MSW). The mean morphological stage represents an average value for some morphological parameters based on all shoots collected from randomly selected area. All shoots within the sample were classified in ten morphological stages. These stages were used for determination of mean morphological stage. The hypothesis was that if the most important chemical parameters could be estimated with the mean morphological stage, then its net energy value for ruminants may be calculated with similar level of exactness. In the collected samples both MSC and MSW value were determined and the following analyses were conducted: crude protein (CP), crude ash (CA), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fibre (aNDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), neutral and acid insoluble crude protein (NDICP and ADICP). The in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) was determined by the means of a gas production technique after 24h incubation in rumen fluid. Based on these chemical parameters in all samples the following values were calculated: cellulose, hemicellulose, nonfibre carbohydrates (NFC), total digestible nutrients (TDN), digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy for lactation (NEL). The continuous increase in MSW value was observed during all growth periods. Within the first cut the decrease in MSC value was observed, due to appearance of young shoots after eight weeks. The appearance of young shoots did not affect MSW since it is calculated on the base of dried weight of an individual morphological stage. The modification of the MSW method was investigated. This modification was based on determining the mean stage value using the fresh weight rather than the dry weight of individual morphological stage. The modified MSW was called Mean Stage by Fresh Weight (MSFW). The difference between MSW and MSFW values was negligible as indicated by the very high correlation coefficient, a regression slope of nearly 1 with intercept 0 and an average absolute difference between paired MSW and MSFW values of only 0·073...
AB  - Na istoj lokaciji, u istoj vegetacionoj sezoni, je ispraćen porast lucerke (Medicago sativa L.) tokom tri prva ciklusa vegetacije (otkosa). Praćene su promene srednje morfološke faze kao i promene hemijskog sastava i hranljive vrednosti lucerke. Zbog toga je sakupljen ukupno 141 uzorak, odnosno 72, 35 i 34 uzorka redom u I, II i III otkosu. Svi otkosi su ispraćeni od početka vegetacije do faze zrenja mahuna. Istraţivanje je sprovedeno sa ciljem utvrđivanja regresionih funkcija za procenu hemijskog sastava i hranljive vrednosti zasnovanih na srednjoj morfološkoj fazi. Ispitane su dve srednje morfološke faze, srednja morfološka faza određena brojanjem – MSC (eng. Mean Stage by Count) i srednja morfološka faza određena na osnovu mase – MSW (eng. Mean Stage by Weight). Srednja morfološka faza predstavlja prosek nekih morfoloških parametara i određuje se na osnovu svih izdanaka (stabljika) na određenoj površini. Sve stabljike sakupljenog uzorka se klasifikuju u deset morfoloških faza na osnovu kojih se određuje srednja morfološka faza. Hipoteza od koje se pošlo je bila: ukoliko se najvaţniji hemijski parametri u lucerki mogu proceniti srednjom morfološkom fazom onda se i njena neto-energetska vrednost moţe proceniti sa sličnom tačnošću. Svim sakupljenim uzorcima je određena MSC i MSW vrednost kao i sledeći hemijski parametri: sirovi protein (SP), sirovi pepeo (SPe), sirove masti (SMa), vlakna nerastvorljiva u neutralnom deterdţentu (aNDF), vlakna nerastvorljiva u kiselom deterdţentu (ADF), lignin (ADL), protein nerastvorljiv u neutralnom deterdţentu (NDICP) i protein nerastvorljiv u kiselom deterdţentu (ADICP). Osim ovih hemijskih parametara, računski su određeni nevlaknasti ugljeni hidrati (NFC), celuloza i hemiceluloza. Na osnovu merenja produkcije gasa u tečnom sadrţaju buraga tokom 24 h, svakom uzorku je određena in vitro svarljivost organske materije (IVSOM). Na osnovu navedenih hemijskih parametara svim uzorcima su određene pravo svarljive hranljive materije (TDN) i sledeće energetske frakcije: svarljiva energija (DE), metabolička energija (ME) i neto energija za laktaciju (NEL). Utvrđen je kontinuiran porast MSW vrednosti tokom svih otkosa. Zbog pojave mladih izdanaka nakon osme nedelje prvog otkosa, utvrđeno je smanjenje MSC vrednosti. Pojava mladih izdanaka nije uticala na MSW vrednost pošto se ona određuje na osnovu suve mase morfoloških faza. Predloţen je modifikovani način utvrđivanja MSW na osnovu sveţe mase umesto suve mase. Modifikovana MSW vrednost je nazvana MSFW (eng. Mean Stage by Fresh Weight). Prosečna razlika između MSW i MSFW je iznosila 0,073 i nije bilo statistički značajne razlike između ovih parametara...
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu, Poljoprivredni fakultet
T1  - Evaluation of alfalfa nutritive value in ruminants based on morphological parameters
T1  - Procena hranljive vrednosti lucerke u ishrani preživara na osnovu morfoloških parametara
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_2582
ER  - 

@phdthesis{
author = "Božičković, Aleksa",
year = "2014",
abstract = "The investigation was done on 141 samples of one alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivar, collected from the same location during the first three growth cycles: spring growth, the first and the second regrowth. The following parameters in alfalfa during the whole growth cycle were observed: mean morphological stage and changes in chemical composition and nutritive value. For that purpose a total of 141 samples were collected, actually 72, 35 and 34 samples during the three growth cycles: spring growth, first regrowth and second regrowth. Investigation was carried out in order to obtain mean morphological stage within each growth cycle. Sampling was done during the whole growing period, commencing when plant height was below 150 mm and continuing until plants were bearing ripe seeds, to evaluate chemical composition and nutritive value based on mean morphological stage. Two methods for determination of mean morphological stage were used: Mean Stage by Count (MSC) and Mean Stage by Weight (MSW). The mean morphological stage represents an average value for some morphological parameters based on all shoots collected from randomly selected area. All shoots within the sample were classified in ten morphological stages. These stages were used for determination of mean morphological stage. The hypothesis was that if the most important chemical parameters could be estimated with the mean morphological stage, then its net energy value for ruminants may be calculated with similar level of exactness. In the collected samples both MSC and MSW value were determined and the following analyses were conducted: crude protein (CP), crude ash (CA), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fibre (aNDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), neutral and acid insoluble crude protein (NDICP and ADICP). The in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) was determined by the means of a gas production technique after 24h incubation in rumen fluid. Based on these chemical parameters in all samples the following values were calculated: cellulose, hemicellulose, nonfibre carbohydrates (NFC), total digestible nutrients (TDN), digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy for lactation (NEL). The continuous increase in MSW value was observed during all growth periods. Within the first cut the decrease in MSC value was observed, due to appearance of young shoots after eight weeks. The appearance of young shoots did not affect MSW since it is calculated on the base of dried weight of an individual morphological stage. The modification of the MSW method was investigated. This modification was based on determining the mean stage value using the fresh weight rather than the dry weight of individual morphological stage. The modified MSW was called Mean Stage by Fresh Weight (MSFW). The difference between MSW and MSFW values was negligible as indicated by the very high correlation coefficient, a regression slope of nearly 1 with intercept 0 and an average absolute difference between paired MSW and MSFW values of only 0·073..., Na istoj lokaciji, u istoj vegetacionoj sezoni, je ispraćen porast lucerke (Medicago sativa L.) tokom tri prva ciklusa vegetacije (otkosa). Praćene su promene srednje morfološke faze kao i promene hemijskog sastava i hranljive vrednosti lucerke. Zbog toga je sakupljen ukupno 141 uzorak, odnosno 72, 35 i 34 uzorka redom u I, II i III otkosu. Svi otkosi su ispraćeni od početka vegetacije do faze zrenja mahuna. Istraţivanje je sprovedeno sa ciljem utvrđivanja regresionih funkcija za procenu hemijskog sastava i hranljive vrednosti zasnovanih na srednjoj morfološkoj fazi. Ispitane su dve srednje morfološke faze, srednja morfološka faza određena brojanjem – MSC (eng. Mean Stage by Count) i srednja morfološka faza određena na osnovu mase – MSW (eng. Mean Stage by Weight). Srednja morfološka faza predstavlja prosek nekih morfoloških parametara i određuje se na osnovu svih izdanaka (stabljika) na određenoj površini. Sve stabljike sakupljenog uzorka se klasifikuju u deset morfoloških faza na osnovu kojih se određuje srednja morfološka faza. Hipoteza od koje se pošlo je bila: ukoliko se najvaţniji hemijski parametri u lucerki mogu proceniti srednjom morfološkom fazom onda se i njena neto-energetska vrednost moţe proceniti sa sličnom tačnošću. Svim sakupljenim uzorcima je određena MSC i MSW vrednost kao i sledeći hemijski parametri: sirovi protein (SP), sirovi pepeo (SPe), sirove masti (SMa), vlakna nerastvorljiva u neutralnom deterdţentu (aNDF), vlakna nerastvorljiva u kiselom deterdţentu (ADF), lignin (ADL), protein nerastvorljiv u neutralnom deterdţentu (NDICP) i protein nerastvorljiv u kiselom deterdţentu (ADICP). Osim ovih hemijskih parametara, računski su određeni nevlaknasti ugljeni hidrati (NFC), celuloza i hemiceluloza. Na osnovu merenja produkcije gasa u tečnom sadrţaju buraga tokom 24 h, svakom uzorku je određena in vitro svarljivost organske materije (IVSOM). Na osnovu navedenih hemijskih parametara svim uzorcima su određene pravo svarljive hranljive materije (TDN) i sledeće energetske frakcije: svarljiva energija (DE), metabolička energija (ME) i neto energija za laktaciju (NEL). Utvrđen je kontinuiran porast MSW vrednosti tokom svih otkosa. Zbog pojave mladih izdanaka nakon osme nedelje prvog otkosa, utvrđeno je smanjenje MSC vrednosti. Pojava mladih izdanaka nije uticala na MSW vrednost pošto se ona određuje na osnovu suve mase morfoloških faza. Predloţen je modifikovani način utvrđivanja MSW na osnovu sveţe mase umesto suve mase. Modifikovana MSW vrednost je nazvana MSFW (eng. Mean Stage by Fresh Weight). Prosečna razlika između MSW i MSFW je iznosila 0,073 i nije bilo statistički značajne razlike između ovih parametara...",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu, Poljoprivredni fakultet",
title = "Evaluation of alfalfa nutritive value in ruminants based on morphological parameters, Procena hranljive vrednosti lucerke u ishrani preživara na osnovu morfoloških parametara",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_2582"
}

Božičković, A.. (2014). Evaluation of alfalfa nutritive value in ruminants based on morphological parameters. 
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Poljoprivredni fakultet..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_2582

Božičković A. Evaluation of alfalfa nutritive value in ruminants based on morphological parameters. 2014;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_2582 .

Božičković, Aleksa, "Evaluation of alfalfa nutritive value in ruminants based on morphological parameters" (2014),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_2582 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stojanović, Bojan
AU  - Grubić, Goran
AU  - Djordjević, N.
AU  - Božičković, Aleksa
AU  - Ivetić, Aleksandra
AU  - Davidović, Vesna
PY  - 2014
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3427
AB  - A study was conducted to investigate the effects of a diet particle size on nutrient digestibility in cows in early lactation. Treatments were diets with forage to concentrate ratio 43:57% in diet dry matter, with four different physically effective fibres (peNDF) content based on different cut length of corn silage and alfalfa haylage. The physical effectiveness factors (pef) and peNDF content of TMRs (total mixed ration) were determined using Penn State Particle Separator (PSPS) with two (pef(8.0), peNDF(8.0)) or three (pef(1.18), peNDF(1.18)) sieves. The reducing of cut length of forages and particle size of diets did not affect on dry matter intake, while decreased peNDF intake by 16.34 and 8.83%, for peNDF(8.0) and peNDF(1.18) respectively. Apparent total tract digestibility of the nutrients was measured using two indicators: acid insoluble ash (AIA) and acid detergent insoluble lignin (ADL). Decreasing of forages cut length significantly increased apparent total tract digestibility of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) from 48.39% to 53.84% and from 53.9% to 58.66%, of crude protein from 73.96% to 79.24% and from 71.56% to 77.90%, with contemporary decreasing of non-fibre carbohydrate from 90.89% to 84.81% and from 91.99% to 86.80%, with AIA or ADL as indicator respectively. Dietary value of net energy for lactation (NEL) and energy intake was not affected by the peNDF content of the diet.
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken
T2  - Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition
T1  - Effect of physical effectiveness on digestibility of ration for cows in early lactation
EP  - 721
IS  - 4
SP  - 714
VL  - 98
DO  - 10.1111/jpn.12129
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Stojanović, Bojan and Grubić, Goran and Djordjević, N. and Božičković, Aleksa and Ivetić, Aleksandra and Davidović, Vesna",
year = "2014",
abstract = "A study was conducted to investigate the effects of a diet particle size on nutrient digestibility in cows in early lactation. Treatments were diets with forage to concentrate ratio 43:57% in diet dry matter, with four different physically effective fibres (peNDF) content based on different cut length of corn silage and alfalfa haylage. The physical effectiveness factors (pef) and peNDF content of TMRs (total mixed ration) were determined using Penn State Particle Separator (PSPS) with two (pef(8.0), peNDF(8.0)) or three (pef(1.18), peNDF(1.18)) sieves. The reducing of cut length of forages and particle size of diets did not affect on dry matter intake, while decreased peNDF intake by 16.34 and 8.83%, for peNDF(8.0) and peNDF(1.18) respectively. Apparent total tract digestibility of the nutrients was measured using two indicators: acid insoluble ash (AIA) and acid detergent insoluble lignin (ADL). Decreasing of forages cut length significantly increased apparent total tract digestibility of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) from 48.39% to 53.84% and from 53.9% to 58.66%, of crude protein from 73.96% to 79.24% and from 71.56% to 77.90%, with contemporary decreasing of non-fibre carbohydrate from 90.89% to 84.81% and from 91.99% to 86.80%, with AIA or ADL as indicator respectively. Dietary value of net energy for lactation (NEL) and energy intake was not affected by the peNDF content of the diet.",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken",
journal = "Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition",
title = "Effect of physical effectiveness on digestibility of ration for cows in early lactation",
pages = "721-714",
number = "4",
volume = "98",
doi = "10.1111/jpn.12129"
}

Stojanović, B., Grubić, G., Djordjević, N., Božičković, A., Ivetić, A.,& Davidović, V.. (2014). Effect of physical effectiveness on digestibility of ration for cows in early lactation. in Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition
Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken., 98(4), 714-721.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12129

Stojanović B, Grubić G, Djordjević N, Božičković A, Ivetić A, Davidović V. Effect of physical effectiveness on digestibility of ration for cows in early lactation. in Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 2014;98(4):714-721.
doi:10.1111/jpn.12129 .

Stojanović, Bojan, Grubić, Goran, Djordjević, N., Božičković, Aleksa, Ivetić, Aleksandra, Davidović, Vesna, "Effect of physical effectiveness on digestibility of ration for cows in early lactation" in Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 98, no. 4 (2014):714-721,
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12129 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Božičković, Aleksa
AU  - Grubić, Goran
AU  - Djordjević, Nenad
AU  - Stojanović, Bojan
PY  - 2014
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3568
AB  - The investigation was done on 141 samples of one alfalfa cultivar, collected from the same location during the first three growth cycles: spring growth, the first and the second regrowth. Within each growth cycle, sampling was done during the whole growing period, commencing when plant height was below 150 mm and continuing until plants were bearing ripe seeds. On all collected samples the following cell wall characteristics were determined: neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), neutral detergent insoluble crude protein (NDICP), acid detergent insoluble crude protein (ADICP). Cellulose and hemicellulose were detected on the base of the mentioned chemical parameters. Significantly lower (p lt 0.01) content of aNDF, ADF, ADL, ADICP and cellulose is found in the second regrowth, while there were no significant differences between the other two growth cycles. Except in NDICP and ADICP, the increase in all accompanying components of the cell wall was observed, and expressed in average daily changes. There was no consistent trend in NDICP and ADICP. During the spring growth from late bud to full-bloom stage the 'plateau' was observed. The plateau was represented as almost constant content of aNDF, ADF, ADL and cellulose. The correlations between all components of the cell wall were shown. The equation aNDF = 36.713 + 1.181 × ADF is recommended for conversion of ADF into aNDF in alfalfa.
AB  - Istraživanje je sprovedeno na 141 uzorku iste sorte lucerke, sakupljene na istoj lokaciji tokom prva tri ciklusa vegetacije: prolećni ciklus, drugi ciklus i treći ciklus. Tokom svakog ciklusa, uzorkovanjem je obuhvaćen ceo ciklus vegetacije, od momenta kada su biljke imale visinu manju od 150 mm sve do momenta kada su biljke imale zrelo seme. U svim sakupljenim uzorcima određeni su sledeći parametri ćelijskog zida: vlakna nerastvorljiva u neutralnom deterdžentu (aNDF), vlakna nerastvorljiva u kiselom deterdžentu (ADF), lignin (ADL), protein nerastvorljiv u neutralnom deterdžentu (NDICP), protein nerastvorljiv u kiselom deterdžentu (ADICP). Celuloza i hemiceluloza su određene na osnovu navedenih hemijskih parametara. Utvrđena je značajno manja (p lt 0.01) količina aNDF, ADF, ADL, ADICP i celuloze u trećem ciklusu vegetacije, dok između ostala dva ciklusa nisu utvrđene veće razlike. Izuzev kod NDICP i ADICP, utvrđen je porast svih praćenih komponenata ćelijskog zida i izražen u prosečnim dnevnim promenama. Kod NDICP i ADICP je zabeleženo odsustvo trenda. Tokom prolećnog ciklusa od faze punog pupoljenja do faze punog cvetanja je zabeležen 'plato', odnosno skoro konstantna količina aNDF, ADF, ADL i celuloze. Prikazane su korelacije između svih parametara ćelijskog zida. Jednačina aNDF = 36.713 + 1.181 × ADF je preporučena za konverziju ADF u aNDF u lucerki.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd
T2  - Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade)
T1  - Changes in alfalfa cell wall structure during vegetation
T1  - Promene u strukturi ćelijskog zida lucerke tokom vegetacije
EP  - 286
IS  - 3
SP  - 275
VL  - 59
DO  - 10.2298/jas1403275b
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Božičković, Aleksa and Grubić, Goran and Djordjević, Nenad and Stojanović, Bojan",
year = "2014",
abstract = "The investigation was done on 141 samples of one alfalfa cultivar, collected from the same location during the first three growth cycles: spring growth, the first and the second regrowth. Within each growth cycle, sampling was done during the whole growing period, commencing when plant height was below 150 mm and continuing until plants were bearing ripe seeds. On all collected samples the following cell wall characteristics were determined: neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), neutral detergent insoluble crude protein (NDICP), acid detergent insoluble crude protein (ADICP). Cellulose and hemicellulose were detected on the base of the mentioned chemical parameters. Significantly lower (p lt 0.01) content of aNDF, ADF, ADL, ADICP and cellulose is found in the second regrowth, while there were no significant differences between the other two growth cycles. Except in NDICP and ADICP, the increase in all accompanying components of the cell wall was observed, and expressed in average daily changes. There was no consistent trend in NDICP and ADICP. During the spring growth from late bud to full-bloom stage the 'plateau' was observed. The plateau was represented as almost constant content of aNDF, ADF, ADL and cellulose. The correlations between all components of the cell wall were shown. The equation aNDF = 36.713 + 1.181 × ADF is recommended for conversion of ADF into aNDF in alfalfa., Istraživanje je sprovedeno na 141 uzorku iste sorte lucerke, sakupljene na istoj lokaciji tokom prva tri ciklusa vegetacije: prolećni ciklus, drugi ciklus i treći ciklus. Tokom svakog ciklusa, uzorkovanjem je obuhvaćen ceo ciklus vegetacije, od momenta kada su biljke imale visinu manju od 150 mm sve do momenta kada su biljke imale zrelo seme. U svim sakupljenim uzorcima određeni su sledeći parametri ćelijskog zida: vlakna nerastvorljiva u neutralnom deterdžentu (aNDF), vlakna nerastvorljiva u kiselom deterdžentu (ADF), lignin (ADL), protein nerastvorljiv u neutralnom deterdžentu (NDICP), protein nerastvorljiv u kiselom deterdžentu (ADICP). Celuloza i hemiceluloza su određene na osnovu navedenih hemijskih parametara. Utvrđena je značajno manja (p lt 0.01) količina aNDF, ADF, ADL, ADICP i celuloze u trećem ciklusu vegetacije, dok između ostala dva ciklusa nisu utvrđene veće razlike. Izuzev kod NDICP i ADICP, utvrđen je porast svih praćenih komponenata ćelijskog zida i izražen u prosečnim dnevnim promenama. Kod NDICP i ADICP je zabeleženo odsustvo trenda. Tokom prolećnog ciklusa od faze punog pupoljenja do faze punog cvetanja je zabeležen 'plato', odnosno skoro konstantna količina aNDF, ADF, ADL i celuloze. Prikazane su korelacije između svih parametara ćelijskog zida. Jednačina aNDF = 36.713 + 1.181 × ADF je preporučena za konverziju ADF u aNDF u lucerki.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd",
journal = "Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade)",
title = "Changes in alfalfa cell wall structure during vegetation, Promene u strukturi ćelijskog zida lucerke tokom vegetacije",
pages = "286-275",
number = "3",
volume = "59",
doi = "10.2298/jas1403275b"
}

Božičković, A., Grubić, G., Djordjević, N.,& Stojanović, B.. (2014). Changes in alfalfa cell wall structure during vegetation. in Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade)
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd., 59(3), 275-286.
https://doi.org/10.2298/jas1403275b

Božičković A, Grubić G, Djordjević N, Stojanović B. Changes in alfalfa cell wall structure during vegetation. in Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade). 2014;59(3):275-286.
doi:10.2298/jas1403275b .

Božičković, Aleksa, Grubić, Goran, Djordjević, Nenad, Stojanović, Bojan, "Changes in alfalfa cell wall structure during vegetation" in Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade), 59, no. 3 (2014):275-286,
https://doi.org/10.2298/jas1403275b . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Djordjević, Nenad
AU  - Grubić, Goran
AU  - Stojanović, Bojan
AU  - Božičković, Aleksa
PY  - 2014
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3664
AB  - Various methods of preparations and use of forage feeds for feeding animals in organic production systems were described in the paper. The base of this review is in the Act about control and certification in organic production and methods of organic production (2011). The main factors responsible for production of such feeds are: conversion (transition) period, methods of soil processing, production of organic fertilizers, use of certified seeds, use and list of allowed preparations for plant protection, feed conservation technology, transport and keeping of feeds, amounts of feed and feeding techniques. The herbivore feeding in organic production systems should be mostly relying on pasture, depending on the availability in various seasons, but also with some limitations which are different from conventional production. In periods without vegetation conserved forage is used - hay and silage. Silage production technology is basically similar to the one used in conventional production, and allows the use of inoculants as fermentation stimulants, and even use of some organic acids in order to rapidly obtain the appropriate pH values. The use of urea for feed supplementation (silage, concentrate) is absolutely forbidden. Considering that the Act about control and certification in organic production and methods of organic production (2011) defines minimal amount of 60% of forages in herbivore feeding, and in milk producing animals it is defined as 50% (in the first 3 months of lactation), even more care should be given to forages compared to conventional systems.
AB  - U radu su prikazani različiti postupci pripremanja voluminozne hrane za domaće životinje u skladu sa principima organske stočarske proizvodnje. Osnovu ovog pregleda i razmatranja čini Pravilnik o kontroli i sertifikaciji u organskoj proizvodnji i metodama organske proizvodnje (2011). Osnovni faktori odgovorni za proizvodnju takve hrane su: period konverzije (prelaska), način obrade zemljišta, priprema organskog đubriva, upotreba sertifikovanog semena, upotreba i lista sredstava za zaštitu bilja, tehnologija konzervisanja hraniva, transport i skladištenje hrane, količine hrane i tehnika ishrane... Ishrana biljojeda u organskoj stočarskoj proizvodnji u najvećoj mogućoj meri treba da se zasniva na ispaši, u zavisnosti od raspoloživosti pašnjaka u različito doba godine, ali i tu postoje određena ograničenja koja je razlikuju od konvencionalne ishrane. U periodu van vegetacije koristi se konzervisana hrana - seno i silaža. Tehnologija spremanja silaže je u osnovi slična kao i za konvencionalnu proizvodnju, i dozvoljava upotrebu inokulanata kao stimulatora fermentacije, pa čak i nekih organskih kiselina u cilju brzog postizanja odgovarajuće pH vrednosti. Upotreba uree kao sredstva za oplemenjivanje hrane (silaže, koncentrata…), apsolutno je zabranjena. S obzirom da je Pravilnikom o kontroli i sertifikaciji u organskoj proizvodnji i metodama organske proizvodnje (2011) definisan minimum učešća suve materije iz kabaste hrane u obrocima za biljojede od 60%, a u u slučaju životinja koje se koriste za proizvodnju mleka najmanje 50% (tokom prva tri meseca laktacije), još veća pažnja se mora pokloniti kvalitetu kabaste hrane.
PB  - Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela
T2  - Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
T1  - Forages in organic animal production systems
T1  - Proizvodnja voluminozne hrane po principima organskog stočarstva
EP  - 186
IS  - 1-4
SP  - 175
VL  - 20
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3664
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Djordjević, Nenad and Grubić, Goran and Stojanović, Bojan and Božičković, Aleksa",
year = "2014",
abstract = "Various methods of preparations and use of forage feeds for feeding animals in organic production systems were described in the paper. The base of this review is in the Act about control and certification in organic production and methods of organic production (2011). The main factors responsible for production of such feeds are: conversion (transition) period, methods of soil processing, production of organic fertilizers, use of certified seeds, use and list of allowed preparations for plant protection, feed conservation technology, transport and keeping of feeds, amounts of feed and feeding techniques. The herbivore feeding in organic production systems should be mostly relying on pasture, depending on the availability in various seasons, but also with some limitations which are different from conventional production. In periods without vegetation conserved forage is used - hay and silage. Silage production technology is basically similar to the one used in conventional production, and allows the use of inoculants as fermentation stimulants, and even use of some organic acids in order to rapidly obtain the appropriate pH values. The use of urea for feed supplementation (silage, concentrate) is absolutely forbidden. Considering that the Act about control and certification in organic production and methods of organic production (2011) defines minimal amount of 60% of forages in herbivore feeding, and in milk producing animals it is defined as 50% (in the first 3 months of lactation), even more care should be given to forages compared to conventional systems., U radu su prikazani različiti postupci pripremanja voluminozne hrane za domaće životinje u skladu sa principima organske stočarske proizvodnje. Osnovu ovog pregleda i razmatranja čini Pravilnik o kontroli i sertifikaciji u organskoj proizvodnji i metodama organske proizvodnje (2011). Osnovni faktori odgovorni za proizvodnju takve hrane su: period konverzije (prelaska), način obrade zemljišta, priprema organskog đubriva, upotreba sertifikovanog semena, upotreba i lista sredstava za zaštitu bilja, tehnologija konzervisanja hraniva, transport i skladištenje hrane, količine hrane i tehnika ishrane... Ishrana biljojeda u organskoj stočarskoj proizvodnji u najvećoj mogućoj meri treba da se zasniva na ispaši, u zavisnosti od raspoloživosti pašnjaka u različito doba godine, ali i tu postoje određena ograničenja koja je razlikuju od konvencionalne ishrane. U periodu van vegetacije koristi se konzervisana hrana - seno i silaža. Tehnologija spremanja silaže je u osnovi slična kao i za konvencionalnu proizvodnju, i dozvoljava upotrebu inokulanata kao stimulatora fermentacije, pa čak i nekih organskih kiselina u cilju brzog postizanja odgovarajuće pH vrednosti. Upotreba uree kao sredstva za oplemenjivanje hrane (silaže, koncentrata…), apsolutno je zabranjena. S obzirom da je Pravilnikom o kontroli i sertifikaciji u organskoj proizvodnji i metodama organske proizvodnje (2011) definisan minimum učešća suve materije iz kabaste hrane u obrocima za biljojede od 60%, a u u slučaju životinja koje se koriste za proizvodnju mleka najmanje 50% (tokom prva tri meseca laktacije), još veća pažnja se mora pokloniti kvalitetu kabaste hrane.",
publisher = "Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela",
journal = "Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik",
title = "Forages in organic animal production systems, Proizvodnja voluminozne hrane po principima organskog stočarstva",
pages = "186-175",
number = "1-4",
volume = "20",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3664"
}

Djordjević, N., Grubić, G., Stojanović, B.,& Božičković, A.. (2014). Forages in organic animal production systems. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela., 20(1-4), 175-186.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3664

Djordjević N, Grubić G, Stojanović B, Božičković A. Forages in organic animal production systems. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik. 2014;20(1-4):175-186.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3664 .

Djordjević, Nenad, Grubić, Goran, Stojanović, Bojan, Božičković, Aleksa, "Forages in organic animal production systems" in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik, 20, no. 1-4 (2014):175-186,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3664 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Djordjević, Nenad
AU  - Grubić, Goran
AU  - Stojanović, Bojan
AU  - Radivojević, Mihailo
AU  - Božičković, Aleksa
PY  - 2013
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3383
AB  - The influence of wilting, actually two levels of dry matter content (DM = 250 and 360 gkg-1) and three levels of compaction (460, 550 and 620 gdm-3) on variations in parameters of chemical composition, proteolysis and quality of lucerne silage was investigated. The experiment was set as 2x3 factorial with three replications per each treatment. Based on the results of chemical analysis, there was no significant variation within the contents of basic nutrients (p>0.05), while some variation was observed in lipid and carbohydrate contents. In silages with higher dry matter content the reduction of fermentation was observed, with acetate as dominant product in acid contents in A2B1 treatment, and also reduction in proteolytic processes which shows as lower ammonia and soluble nitrogen content (p lt 0.05). With the increase of level of compaction the increase in lactic acid was observed, with decrease in ammonia and soluble nitrogen (p lt 0.05). In material with natural moisture content, regardless of the level of compaction, the butyric fermentation was observed and intensified aminogenesis. On the basis of this investigation it can be concluded that wilting and adequate compaction are the key physical factors which influence silage quality parameters.
AB  - U radu je ispitivan uticaj provenjavanja, odnosno dva stepena sadržaja suve materije (SM = 250 i 360 gkg-1) i tri stepena sabijenosti (460, 550 i 620 gdm-3) na promene parametara hemijskog sastava, proteolize i kvaliteta silaže lucerke. Eksperiment je postavljen po statističkom modelu 2x3 u tri ponavljanja po svakom tretmanu. Na osnovu rezultata laboratorijskih analiza, utvrđeno je nesignifikantno variranje u sadržaju pojedinih hranljivih materija (p>0,05), izuzev masti i ugljenih hidrata. U silažama sa većim stepenom suve materije utvrđena je redukcija fermentacije, sa dominacijom sirćetne u ukupnom sadržaju kiselina u tretmanu A2B1, kao i redukcija proteolitičkih procesa, odnosno manji sadržaj amonijaka i rastvorljivog zota (p lt 0,05). Sa povećanjem stepena sabijenosti došlo je do porasta apsolutnog udela mlečne kiseline i smanjenja udela amonijačnog i rastvorljivog azota (p lt 0,05). U materijalu sa prirodnim sadržajem vlage, bez obzira na stepen sabijanja, došlo je do buterne fermentacije i intenziviranja aminogeneze. Na osnovu izvedenih ispitivanja može se zaključiti da su provenjavanje i adekvatno sabijanje ključni fizički faktori za parametre kvaliteta silaže lucerke.
PB  - Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela
T2  - Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
T1  - The influence of wilting and compaction degree on parameters of chemical composition, proteolysis and quality of lucerne silage
T1  - Uticaj provenjavanja i stepena sabijenosti na parametre hemijskog sastava, proteolize i kvaliteta silaže lucerke
EP  - 46
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 39
VL  - 19
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3383
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Djordjević, Nenad and Grubić, Goran and Stojanović, Bojan and Radivojević, Mihailo and Božičković, Aleksa",
year = "2013",
abstract = "The influence of wilting, actually two levels of dry matter content (DM = 250 and 360 gkg-1) and three levels of compaction (460, 550 and 620 gdm-3) on variations in parameters of chemical composition, proteolysis and quality of lucerne silage was investigated. The experiment was set as 2x3 factorial with three replications per each treatment. Based on the results of chemical analysis, there was no significant variation within the contents of basic nutrients (p>0.05), while some variation was observed in lipid and carbohydrate contents. In silages with higher dry matter content the reduction of fermentation was observed, with acetate as dominant product in acid contents in A2B1 treatment, and also reduction in proteolytic processes which shows as lower ammonia and soluble nitrogen content (p lt 0.05). With the increase of level of compaction the increase in lactic acid was observed, with decrease in ammonia and soluble nitrogen (p lt 0.05). In material with natural moisture content, regardless of the level of compaction, the butyric fermentation was observed and intensified aminogenesis. On the basis of this investigation it can be concluded that wilting and adequate compaction are the key physical factors which influence silage quality parameters., U radu je ispitivan uticaj provenjavanja, odnosno dva stepena sadržaja suve materije (SM = 250 i 360 gkg-1) i tri stepena sabijenosti (460, 550 i 620 gdm-3) na promene parametara hemijskog sastava, proteolize i kvaliteta silaže lucerke. Eksperiment je postavljen po statističkom modelu 2x3 u tri ponavljanja po svakom tretmanu. Na osnovu rezultata laboratorijskih analiza, utvrđeno je nesignifikantno variranje u sadržaju pojedinih hranljivih materija (p>0,05), izuzev masti i ugljenih hidrata. U silažama sa većim stepenom suve materije utvrđena je redukcija fermentacije, sa dominacijom sirćetne u ukupnom sadržaju kiselina u tretmanu A2B1, kao i redukcija proteolitičkih procesa, odnosno manji sadržaj amonijaka i rastvorljivog zota (p lt 0,05). Sa povećanjem stepena sabijenosti došlo je do porasta apsolutnog udela mlečne kiseline i smanjenja udela amonijačnog i rastvorljivog azota (p lt 0,05). U materijalu sa prirodnim sadržajem vlage, bez obzira na stepen sabijanja, došlo je do buterne fermentacije i intenziviranja aminogeneze. Na osnovu izvedenih ispitivanja može se zaključiti da su provenjavanje i adekvatno sabijanje ključni fizički faktori za parametre kvaliteta silaže lucerke.",
publisher = "Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela",
journal = "Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik",
title = "The influence of wilting and compaction degree on parameters of chemical composition, proteolysis and quality of lucerne silage, Uticaj provenjavanja i stepena sabijenosti na parametre hemijskog sastava, proteolize i kvaliteta silaže lucerke",
pages = "46-39",
number = "3-4",
volume = "19",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3383"
}

Djordjević, N., Grubić, G., Stojanović, B., Radivojević, M.,& Božičković, A.. (2013). The influence of wilting and compaction degree on parameters of chemical composition, proteolysis and quality of lucerne silage. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela., 19(3-4), 39-46.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3383

Djordjević N, Grubić G, Stojanović B, Radivojević M, Božičković A. The influence of wilting and compaction degree on parameters of chemical composition, proteolysis and quality of lucerne silage. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik. 2013;19(3-4):39-46.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3383 .

Djordjević, Nenad, Grubić, Goran, Stojanović, Bojan, Radivojević, Mihailo, Božičković, Aleksa, "The influence of wilting and compaction degree on parameters of chemical composition, proteolysis and quality of lucerne silage" in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik, 19, no. 3-4 (2013):39-46,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3383 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Stojanović, Bojan
AU  - Grubić, Goran
AU  - Djordjević, Nenad
AU  - Božičković, Aleksa
AU  - Ivetić, Aleksandra
PY  - 2013
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3382
AB  - The most intensive body development of heifers occurs in period before reaching puberty when the intensity of increasing of withers height and hip height is three time higher then after puberty. Heifers with higher body weight gains until reaching the puberty are younger at calving, characterized with higher mammary mass, with greater mammary fat deposition, with no significant difference in the mass of mammary parenchyma and milk yield in the first lactation. Increasing the ration concentration of high quality protein that is available in the small intestine (RUP - rumen undegradable fraction of CP) has a positive effect on the growth rate of heifers (withers height, BW) with no negative impact on the mammary development. Female calves up to weaning that consume diet with high energy and protein concentration and higher daily gains, are characterized with larger mass of mammary parenchyma, increased mammary fat content and increased BW at calving and milk yield in the first lactation. Optimal growth rate for heifers during the rearing depends on genetic potential for growth and body size of mature animals.
AB  - Najintenzivniji telesni razvoj junica odvija se u periodu pre dostizanja puberteta kada je intenzitet povećanja visine grebena i krsta tri puta veći nego posle puberteta. Junice koje u fazi odgoja do dostizanja puberteta, ostvaruju veće dnevne priraste. tele se u ranijem uzrastu, odlikuju se većom ukupnom masom vimena, većom masom deponovanog masnog tkiva u vimenu, bez značajne razlike u masi mamarnog parenhima, i mlečnosti u prvoj laktaciji. Povećanje sadržaja u obroku, proteina visoke biološke vrednosti, dostupnog u tankom crevu (RUP - frakcija SP nerazgradivog u rumenu) pozitivno utiče na povećanje intenziteta porasta kod junica (visina grebena, TM) bez negativnog uticaja na razvoj mlečne žlezde. Ženska telad koja u periodu do odlučenja konzumiraju obrok sa većim sadržajem energije i proteina, i ostvaruju veće priraste, odlikuju se većim vrednostima za masu parenhima mlečne žlezde, većim sadržajem masti u vimenu, ali i većom TM pri teljenju, i većom mlečnošću u prvoj laktaciji. Optimalan intenzitet porasta junica tokom perioda odgoja zavisi od genetskog potencijala za porast i telesnih dimenzija odraslih životinja.
PB  - Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela
T2  - Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
T1  - Efficient nutrition of prepubertal dairy heifers
T1  - Efikasna ishrana mlečnih junica u predpubertetnom periodu
EP  - 38
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 25
VL  - 19
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3382
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Stojanović, Bojan and Grubić, Goran and Djordjević, Nenad and Božičković, Aleksa and Ivetić, Aleksandra",
year = "2013",
abstract = "The most intensive body development of heifers occurs in period before reaching puberty when the intensity of increasing of withers height and hip height is three time higher then after puberty. Heifers with higher body weight gains until reaching the puberty are younger at calving, characterized with higher mammary mass, with greater mammary fat deposition, with no significant difference in the mass of mammary parenchyma and milk yield in the first lactation. Increasing the ration concentration of high quality protein that is available in the small intestine (RUP - rumen undegradable fraction of CP) has a positive effect on the growth rate of heifers (withers height, BW) with no negative impact on the mammary development. Female calves up to weaning that consume diet with high energy and protein concentration and higher daily gains, are characterized with larger mass of mammary parenchyma, increased mammary fat content and increased BW at calving and milk yield in the first lactation. Optimal growth rate for heifers during the rearing depends on genetic potential for growth and body size of mature animals., Najintenzivniji telesni razvoj junica odvija se u periodu pre dostizanja puberteta kada je intenzitet povećanja visine grebena i krsta tri puta veći nego posle puberteta. Junice koje u fazi odgoja do dostizanja puberteta, ostvaruju veće dnevne priraste. tele se u ranijem uzrastu, odlikuju se većom ukupnom masom vimena, većom masom deponovanog masnog tkiva u vimenu, bez značajne razlike u masi mamarnog parenhima, i mlečnosti u prvoj laktaciji. Povećanje sadržaja u obroku, proteina visoke biološke vrednosti, dostupnog u tankom crevu (RUP - frakcija SP nerazgradivog u rumenu) pozitivno utiče na povećanje intenziteta porasta kod junica (visina grebena, TM) bez negativnog uticaja na razvoj mlečne žlezde. Ženska telad koja u periodu do odlučenja konzumiraju obrok sa većim sadržajem energije i proteina, i ostvaruju veće priraste, odlikuju se većim vrednostima za masu parenhima mlečne žlezde, većim sadržajem masti u vimenu, ali i većom TM pri teljenju, i većom mlečnošću u prvoj laktaciji. Optimalan intenzitet porasta junica tokom perioda odgoja zavisi od genetskog potencijala za porast i telesnih dimenzija odraslih životinja.",
publisher = "Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela",
journal = "Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik",
title = "Efficient nutrition of prepubertal dairy heifers, Efikasna ishrana mlečnih junica u predpubertetnom periodu",
pages = "38-25",
number = "3-4",
volume = "19",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3382"
}

Stojanović, B., Grubić, G., Djordjević, N., Božičković, A.,& Ivetić, A.. (2013). Efficient nutrition of prepubertal dairy heifers. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela., 19(3-4), 25-38.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3382

Stojanović B, Grubić G, Djordjević N, Božičković A, Ivetić A. Efficient nutrition of prepubertal dairy heifers. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik. 2013;19(3-4):25-38.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3382 .

Stojanović, Bojan, Grubić, Goran, Djordjević, Nenad, Božičković, Aleksa, Ivetić, Aleksandra, "Efficient nutrition of prepubertal dairy heifers" in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik, 19, no. 3-4 (2013):25-38,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3382 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Božičković, Aleksa
AU  - Grubić, Goran
AU  - Verbić, J.
AU  - Znidarsić, T.
AU  - Djordjević, N.
AU  - Stojanović, Bojan
PY  - 2013
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3295
AB  - The aim of the current work was to investigate the possibility of modifying the existing mean stage by weight (MSW) system for evaluating the average development stage in alfalfa. The modification was performed with the aim of providing a simplified system that may be used to evaluate the alfalfa development stage and to predict its nutritive value for ruminants. The suggested modification consists of designating an MSW value on the basis of the fresh weight of all morphological stages in a fresh green plant, as opposed to the original method which is based on weighing all morphological stages dried at 65 degrees C. The investigation was done on 141 samples of one alfalfa cultivar, collected from the same location during the first three growth cycles: spring growth, the first and the second regrowth. On all collected samples the following characteristics were determined: MSW, modified MSW (mean stage by fresh weight (MSFW)), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), crude ash (CA) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD). For these characteristics of chemical composition (apart from CA) and nutritive value the regressions were calculated for their prediction based on MSW and MSFW. The regressions were derived for individual growth cycles and all cycles combined. A trend for an increase in the coefficient of determination (R-2) was identified as well as a decrease in root-mean-square error (RMSE) for all equations derived for all investigated characteristics from the spring growth to the second regrowth. A deviation from this trend was observed only in equations derived for IVOMD. A very high correlation was observed between MSW and MSFW (r=0.999). The determined R-2 and RMSE were very similar within the same growth cycle in all regressions for prediction of chemical composition and nutritive value derived for MSW and MSFW. Based on the results of this investigation the MSFW appears to be a quick and accurate method for determining the average development stage in alfalfa which can therefore be recommended for both scientific research and practical field use, as well as for prediction of its chemical composition and nutritive value.
PB  - Cambridge Univ Press, New York
T2  - Journal of Agricultural Science
T1  - A modified method for assessment of the morphological stage of development as a predictor of alfalfa herbage chemical composition and nutritive value
EP  - 598
IS  - 4
SP  - 590
VL  - 151
DO  - 10.1017/S0021859613000129
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Božičković, Aleksa and Grubić, Goran and Verbić, J. and Znidarsić, T. and Djordjević, N. and Stojanović, Bojan",
year = "2013",
abstract = "The aim of the current work was to investigate the possibility of modifying the existing mean stage by weight (MSW) system for evaluating the average development stage in alfalfa. The modification was performed with the aim of providing a simplified system that may be used to evaluate the alfalfa development stage and to predict its nutritive value for ruminants. The suggested modification consists of designating an MSW value on the basis of the fresh weight of all morphological stages in a fresh green plant, as opposed to the original method which is based on weighing all morphological stages dried at 65 degrees C. The investigation was done on 141 samples of one alfalfa cultivar, collected from the same location during the first three growth cycles: spring growth, the first and the second regrowth. On all collected samples the following characteristics were determined: MSW, modified MSW (mean stage by fresh weight (MSFW)), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), crude ash (CA) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD). For these characteristics of chemical composition (apart from CA) and nutritive value the regressions were calculated for their prediction based on MSW and MSFW. The regressions were derived for individual growth cycles and all cycles combined. A trend for an increase in the coefficient of determination (R-2) was identified as well as a decrease in root-mean-square error (RMSE) for all equations derived for all investigated characteristics from the spring growth to the second regrowth. A deviation from this trend was observed only in equations derived for IVOMD. A very high correlation was observed between MSW and MSFW (r=0.999). The determined R-2 and RMSE were very similar within the same growth cycle in all regressions for prediction of chemical composition and nutritive value derived for MSW and MSFW. Based on the results of this investigation the MSFW appears to be a quick and accurate method for determining the average development stage in alfalfa which can therefore be recommended for both scientific research and practical field use, as well as for prediction of its chemical composition and nutritive value.",
publisher = "Cambridge Univ Press, New York",
journal = "Journal of Agricultural Science",
title = "A modified method for assessment of the morphological stage of development as a predictor of alfalfa herbage chemical composition and nutritive value",
pages = "598-590",
number = "4",
volume = "151",
doi = "10.1017/S0021859613000129"
}

Božičković, A., Grubić, G., Verbić, J., Znidarsić, T., Djordjević, N.,& Stojanović, B.. (2013). A modified method for assessment of the morphological stage of development as a predictor of alfalfa herbage chemical composition and nutritive value. in Journal of Agricultural Science
Cambridge Univ Press, New York., 151(4), 590-598.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859613000129

Božičković A, Grubić G, Verbić J, Znidarsić T, Djordjević N, Stojanović B. A modified method for assessment of the morphological stage of development as a predictor of alfalfa herbage chemical composition and nutritive value. in Journal of Agricultural Science. 2013;151(4):590-598.
doi:10.1017/S0021859613000129 .

Božičković, Aleksa, Grubić, Goran, Verbić, J., Znidarsić, T., Djordjević, N., Stojanović, Bojan, "A modified method for assessment of the morphological stage of development as a predictor of alfalfa herbage chemical composition and nutritive value" in Journal of Agricultural Science, 151, no. 4 (2013):590-598,
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859613000129 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Djordjević, Nenad
AU  - Grubić, Goran
AU  - Dinić, Bora
AU  - Stojanović, Bojan
AU  - Radivojević, Mihailo
AU  - Božičković, Aleksa
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3077
AB  - Different phases of plant development (beginning of bloom - 10% flowers, midbloom - 50% flowers), two growth cycles (II and IV cut) and two levels of biomass wilting (DM = 320 gkg-1 and 410 gkg-1) on changes in chemical composition, proteolysis and quality of lucerne silage were investigated in this experiment. Experiment was set as statistical model 2×2×2 (2k). Based on the results of chemical analysis it is confirmed that in earlier cut lucerne silages there was more crude protein, ammonia and soluble nitrogen , and less crude fiber (p lt 0.05). Lucerne silages from IV cut were very little different from silages from II cut in nutrient content and quality parameters. Wilting lucerne to the highest level of dry matter reduced total fermentation and proteolysis (p lt 0.05). At the same time there were no significant differences in chemical composition of silages (p>0.05), unless protein. On the basis of this investigations it can be concluded that ensiling of lucerne in latter phases of plant development, with higher degree of wilting, produces silages with better quality parameters, but also with significantly lower nutritive value. Therefore the use of various methods of induction and stimulation of lactic acid fermentation is recommended for lucerne mass cut in earlier development phases - with the aim to obtain maximum nutrients and best quality.
AB  - U radu je ispitivan uticaj različitih faza razvića (početak cvetanja - 10% iscvetalosti, sredina cvetanja - 50% iscvetalosti), dva ciklusa korišćenja (II i IV otkos) i dva stepena provenulosti biomase, odnosno sadržaja suve materije (SM = 320 g/kg i 410 g/ kg) na promene parametara hemijskog sastava, proteolize i kvaliteta silaže lucerke. Eksperiment je postavljen po statističkom modelu 2×2×2 (2k). Na osnovu rezultata hemijskih analiza utvrđeno je u silažama ranije košene lucerke veći sadržaj proteina, amonijaka i rastvorljivog zota i manji sadržaj sirove celuloze (p lt 0,05). Silaže lucerke iz IV otkosa su se minimalno razlikovale u pogledu sadržaja hranljivih materija i parametara kvaliteta u odnosu na silaže lucerke iz II otkosa. Provenjavanje lucerke do većeg nivoa suve materije je dovelo do redukcije fermentacije i proteolize (p lt 0,05). Pri tome nije bilo statistički značajnih razlika u pogledu hemijskog sastava silaža (p>0,05), izuzev proteina. Na osnovu izvedenih ispitivanja može se zaključiti da se siliranjem lucerke iz kasnijih faza razvića, uz veći stepen provenjavanja, postiže bolji kvalitet silaža, ali se signifikantno smanjuje hranljiva vrednost. Zbog toga se preporučuje primena različitih metoda indukcije i stimulacije mlečnokiselinskog vrenja za materijal košen u ranijim fenofazama, kako bi se dobila maksimalna hranljiva vrednost i maksimalan kvalitet.
PB  - Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela
T2  - Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
T1  - The influence of development phase, cut and degree of wilting on parameters of chemical composition, proteolysis and quality in lucerne silage
T1  - Uticaj fenofaze, otkosa i stepena provenulosti na parametre hemijskog sastava, proteolize i kvaliteta silaže lucerke
EP  - 47
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 41
VL  - 18
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3077
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Djordjević, Nenad and Grubić, Goran and Dinić, Bora and Stojanović, Bojan and Radivojević, Mihailo and Božičković, Aleksa",
year = "2012",
abstract = "Different phases of plant development (beginning of bloom - 10% flowers, midbloom - 50% flowers), two growth cycles (II and IV cut) and two levels of biomass wilting (DM = 320 gkg-1 and 410 gkg-1) on changes in chemical composition, proteolysis and quality of lucerne silage were investigated in this experiment. Experiment was set as statistical model 2×2×2 (2k). Based on the results of chemical analysis it is confirmed that in earlier cut lucerne silages there was more crude protein, ammonia and soluble nitrogen , and less crude fiber (p lt 0.05). Lucerne silages from IV cut were very little different from silages from II cut in nutrient content and quality parameters. Wilting lucerne to the highest level of dry matter reduced total fermentation and proteolysis (p lt 0.05). At the same time there were no significant differences in chemical composition of silages (p>0.05), unless protein. On the basis of this investigations it can be concluded that ensiling of lucerne in latter phases of plant development, with higher degree of wilting, produces silages with better quality parameters, but also with significantly lower nutritive value. Therefore the use of various methods of induction and stimulation of lactic acid fermentation is recommended for lucerne mass cut in earlier development phases - with the aim to obtain maximum nutrients and best quality., U radu je ispitivan uticaj različitih faza razvića (početak cvetanja - 10% iscvetalosti, sredina cvetanja - 50% iscvetalosti), dva ciklusa korišćenja (II i IV otkos) i dva stepena provenulosti biomase, odnosno sadržaja suve materije (SM = 320 g/kg i 410 g/ kg) na promene parametara hemijskog sastava, proteolize i kvaliteta silaže lucerke. Eksperiment je postavljen po statističkom modelu 2×2×2 (2k). Na osnovu rezultata hemijskih analiza utvrđeno je u silažama ranije košene lucerke veći sadržaj proteina, amonijaka i rastvorljivog zota i manji sadržaj sirove celuloze (p lt 0,05). Silaže lucerke iz IV otkosa su se minimalno razlikovale u pogledu sadržaja hranljivih materija i parametara kvaliteta u odnosu na silaže lucerke iz II otkosa. Provenjavanje lucerke do većeg nivoa suve materije je dovelo do redukcije fermentacije i proteolize (p lt 0,05). Pri tome nije bilo statistički značajnih razlika u pogledu hemijskog sastava silaža (p>0,05), izuzev proteina. Na osnovu izvedenih ispitivanja može se zaključiti da se siliranjem lucerke iz kasnijih faza razvića, uz veći stepen provenjavanja, postiže bolji kvalitet silaža, ali se signifikantno smanjuje hranljiva vrednost. Zbog toga se preporučuje primena različitih metoda indukcije i stimulacije mlečnokiselinskog vrenja za materijal košen u ranijim fenofazama, kako bi se dobila maksimalna hranljiva vrednost i maksimalan kvalitet.",
publisher = "Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela",
journal = "Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik",
title = "The influence of development phase, cut and degree of wilting on parameters of chemical composition, proteolysis and quality in lucerne silage, Uticaj fenofaze, otkosa i stepena provenulosti na parametre hemijskog sastava, proteolize i kvaliteta silaže lucerke",
pages = "47-41",
number = "3-4",
volume = "18",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3077"
}

Djordjević, N., Grubić, G., Dinić, B., Stojanović, B., Radivojević, M.,& Božičković, A.. (2012). The influence of development phase, cut and degree of wilting on parameters of chemical composition, proteolysis and quality in lucerne silage. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela., 18(3-4), 41-47.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3077

Djordjević N, Grubić G, Dinić B, Stojanović B, Radivojević M, Božičković A. The influence of development phase, cut and degree of wilting on parameters of chemical composition, proteolysis and quality in lucerne silage. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik. 2012;18(3-4):41-47.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3077 .

Djordjević, Nenad, Grubić, Goran, Dinić, Bora, Stojanović, Bojan, Radivojević, Mihailo, Božičković, Aleksa, "The influence of development phase, cut and degree of wilting on parameters of chemical composition, proteolysis and quality in lucerne silage" in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik, 18, no. 3-4 (2012):41-47,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_3077 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Dinić, Bora
AU  - Djordjević, Nenad
AU  - Grubić, Goran
AU  - Stojanović, Bojan
AU  - Božičković, Aleksa
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5514
AB  - U radu je prikazan značaj ribljeg brašna kao i drugih hraniva životinjskog porekla za proizvodnju smeša koncentrata, kao i mogućnost njihove suspstitucije hranivima biljnog porekla u kombinaciji sa sintetičkim aminokiselinama, ili komercijalnim „zamenama“ ribljeg brašna. 
Riblje brašno je do sada najviše korišćeno hranivo životinjslog porekla. Zbog opasnosti od širenja bolesti Bovine spongiform encephalopathy – BSE, u Evropskoj uniji je regulativama 999/2001 i 1234/2003 zabranjena upotreba obrađenih animalnih proteina, u koje spadaju različite vrste mesno-koštanog brašna, za sve farmske životinje koje ulaze u lanac ishrane ljudi, izuzev ribljeg brašna za nepreživare. Kod nas je u skladu sa Zakonom o veterinarstvu iz 2005. uvedena obaveza za sve fabrike hrane za životinje da odvajaju linije u kojima se pripremaju koncentrati za preživare, ili da proizvodnju obavljaju na istoj liniji ali da se pri tome odreknu upotrebe hraniva životinjskog porekla. U skladu sa tim, vrši se stalni monitoring smeša za preživare. 
Zadnjih godina je korišćenje ribljeg brašna u ishrani nepreživara jako smanjeno zbog navedenih zakonskih ograničenja, sve lošije hranljive i upotrebne vrednosti (zdravstvene ispravnosti), problema falsifikovanja (dodavanja hraniva niže hranljive vrednosti: sojine sačme, kukuruznog glutena, brašna od perja pa čak i uree) kao i zbog visoke cene. Osim toga, dobro je poznato da riblje brašno prenosi svoj specifičan miris na proizvode pa se obavezno isključuje iz smeša pri kraju tova brojlera.
Velike količine ribljeg brašna se i danas koriste pri proizvodnji peletirane hrane za pastrmke i druge karnivore ribe. Naime, ove vrste riba zahtevaju visok nivo proteina dobre biološke vrednosti u obrocima. Ranih 90-ih godina preporučivan odnos svarljivih sirovih proteina i svarljive energije u obrocima za pastrmke je bio 22-25 g/MJ. Nasuprot tome, u zadnjoj dekadi eksperimentalno je dokazana efikasnost obroka sa većim sadržajem masti (>20%) i kada je odnos proteina i energije uži. Međutim, u tom slučaju treba obezbediti odgovarajući nivo esencijalnih aminokiselina. Objašnjenje je u specifičnom metabolizmu riba. Krajnji proizvod metabolizma proteina u riba je amonijak, za šta je potrebno manje energije. Nasuprot tome, krajnji proizvod metabolizma energije u svinja je urea, čime se objašnjava uži odnos proteina i energije (oko 14 g/KJ).
Zbog svega navedenog proizvođači teže da riblje brašno zamene (delimično ili potpuno) nekim drugim proteinskim hranivom (biljnog ili životinjskog porekla), pri čemu je jedan od glavnih ciljeva što niža cena proizvodnje. Do sada je najviše pažnje poklanjano proizvodima od soje, odnosno sojinoj sačmi. Ovo hranivo ima veliku biološku vrednost proteina ali i visok sadržaj različitih antinutritivnih materija. Nasuprot tome, efikasnijim se pokazao koncentrat proteina soje. To je hranivo koje se dobija uklanjanjem masti i rastvorljivih ugljenih hidrata. Eksperimentalno je utvrđena mogućnost delimične supstitucije ribljeg brašna suncokretovom sačmom, ali je glavni nedostatak ovog hraniva u velikoj količini nerastvorljivh ugljenih hidrata. Pored ovih hraniva, u eksperimentima su ispitivane sačme pamuka, kikirikija, uljane repice, brašno lupine, kukuruzni gluten, proteini krompira i dr. Međutim, nedostatak svih ovih hraniva je nizak nivo nekih esencijalnih aminokiselina kao i prisustvo antinutritivnih, štetnih i nesvarljivih materija. Jedno od potencijalnih proteinskih hraniva za ribe i domaće životinje je bakterijski protein. U pogledu brzine rasta i produkcije proteina, bakterije imaju prednost u odnosu na kvasce. Pored toga, bakterije sadrže i više proteina (do 80%), a aminokiselinski sastav je povoljniji i sličniji  proteinima životinjskog porekla. Nedostatak je velika količina nukleinskih kiselina (do 18%) koje u sisara katabolišu do mokraćne kiseline.
U zaključku se ističe da su troškovi ishrane ključni za rentabilnost proizvodnje u stočarstvu i nekim oblicima ribarske proizvodnje. Supstitucija ribljeg brašna u obrocima za domaće životinje i ribe je neophodnost zbog visoke cene ovog hraniva, varijabilnog kvaliteta i eventualnog falsifikovanja jeftinijim hranivima. Za sada, najveći značaj pokazuju proizvodi prerade soje a određenu perspektivu imaju i bakterijski proteini.
C3  - 5. International Conference “Aquaculture & Fishery” Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia,
T1  - Importance Of Fish Meal And Other Animal Feedstuffs In Production Of Concentrate Mixtures
T1  - Značaj ribljeg brašna i drugih hraniva životinjskog porekla za proizvodnju smeša koncentrata
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5514
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Dinić, Bora and Djordjević, Nenad and Grubić, Goran and Stojanović, Bojan and Božičković, Aleksa",
year = "2011",
abstract = "U radu je prikazan značaj ribljeg brašna kao i drugih hraniva životinjskog porekla za proizvodnju smeša koncentrata, kao i mogućnost njihove suspstitucije hranivima biljnog porekla u kombinaciji sa sintetičkim aminokiselinama, ili komercijalnim „zamenama“ ribljeg brašna. 
Riblje brašno je do sada najviše korišćeno hranivo životinjslog porekla. Zbog opasnosti od širenja bolesti Bovine spongiform encephalopathy – BSE, u Evropskoj uniji je regulativama 999/2001 i 1234/2003 zabranjena upotreba obrađenih animalnih proteina, u koje spadaju različite vrste mesno-koštanog brašna, za sve farmske životinje koje ulaze u lanac ishrane ljudi, izuzev ribljeg brašna za nepreživare. Kod nas je u skladu sa Zakonom o veterinarstvu iz 2005. uvedena obaveza za sve fabrike hrane za životinje da odvajaju linije u kojima se pripremaju koncentrati za preživare, ili da proizvodnju obavljaju na istoj liniji ali da se pri tome odreknu upotrebe hraniva životinjskog porekla. U skladu sa tim, vrši se stalni monitoring smeša za preživare. 
Zadnjih godina je korišćenje ribljeg brašna u ishrani nepreživara jako smanjeno zbog navedenih zakonskih ograničenja, sve lošije hranljive i upotrebne vrednosti (zdravstvene ispravnosti), problema falsifikovanja (dodavanja hraniva niže hranljive vrednosti: sojine sačme, kukuruznog glutena, brašna od perja pa čak i uree) kao i zbog visoke cene. Osim toga, dobro je poznato da riblje brašno prenosi svoj specifičan miris na proizvode pa se obavezno isključuje iz smeša pri kraju tova brojlera.
Velike količine ribljeg brašna se i danas koriste pri proizvodnji peletirane hrane za pastrmke i druge karnivore ribe. Naime, ove vrste riba zahtevaju visok nivo proteina dobre biološke vrednosti u obrocima. Ranih 90-ih godina preporučivan odnos svarljivih sirovih proteina i svarljive energije u obrocima za pastrmke je bio 22-25 g/MJ. Nasuprot tome, u zadnjoj dekadi eksperimentalno je dokazana efikasnost obroka sa većim sadržajem masti (>20%) i kada je odnos proteina i energije uži. Međutim, u tom slučaju treba obezbediti odgovarajući nivo esencijalnih aminokiselina. Objašnjenje je u specifičnom metabolizmu riba. Krajnji proizvod metabolizma proteina u riba je amonijak, za šta je potrebno manje energije. Nasuprot tome, krajnji proizvod metabolizma energije u svinja je urea, čime se objašnjava uži odnos proteina i energije (oko 14 g/KJ).
Zbog svega navedenog proizvođači teže da riblje brašno zamene (delimično ili potpuno) nekim drugim proteinskim hranivom (biljnog ili životinjskog porekla), pri čemu je jedan od glavnih ciljeva što niža cena proizvodnje. Do sada je najviše pažnje poklanjano proizvodima od soje, odnosno sojinoj sačmi. Ovo hranivo ima veliku biološku vrednost proteina ali i visok sadržaj različitih antinutritivnih materija. Nasuprot tome, efikasnijim se pokazao koncentrat proteina soje. To je hranivo koje se dobija uklanjanjem masti i rastvorljivih ugljenih hidrata. Eksperimentalno je utvrđena mogućnost delimične supstitucije ribljeg brašna suncokretovom sačmom, ali je glavni nedostatak ovog hraniva u velikoj količini nerastvorljivh ugljenih hidrata. Pored ovih hraniva, u eksperimentima su ispitivane sačme pamuka, kikirikija, uljane repice, brašno lupine, kukuruzni gluten, proteini krompira i dr. Međutim, nedostatak svih ovih hraniva je nizak nivo nekih esencijalnih aminokiselina kao i prisustvo antinutritivnih, štetnih i nesvarljivih materija. Jedno od potencijalnih proteinskih hraniva za ribe i domaće životinje je bakterijski protein. U pogledu brzine rasta i produkcije proteina, bakterije imaju prednost u odnosu na kvasce. Pored toga, bakterije sadrže i više proteina (do 80%), a aminokiselinski sastav je povoljniji i sličniji  proteinima životinjskog porekla. Nedostatak je velika količina nukleinskih kiselina (do 18%) koje u sisara katabolišu do mokraćne kiseline.
U zaključku se ističe da su troškovi ishrane ključni za rentabilnost proizvodnje u stočarstvu i nekim oblicima ribarske proizvodnje. Supstitucija ribljeg brašna u obrocima za domaće životinje i ribe je neophodnost zbog visoke cene ovog hraniva, varijabilnog kvaliteta i eventualnog falsifikovanja jeftinijim hranivima. Za sada, najveći značaj pokazuju proizvodi prerade soje a određenu perspektivu imaju i bakterijski proteini.",
journal = "5. International Conference “Aquaculture & Fishery” Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia,",
title = "Importance Of Fish Meal And Other Animal Feedstuffs In Production Of Concentrate Mixtures, Značaj ribljeg brašna i drugih hraniva životinjskog porekla za proizvodnju smeša koncentrata",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5514"
}

Dinić, B., Djordjević, N., Grubić, G., Stojanović, B.,& Božičković, A.. (2011). Importance Of Fish Meal And Other Animal Feedstuffs In Production Of Concentrate Mixtures. in 5. International Conference “Aquaculture & Fishery” Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia,.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5514

Dinić B, Djordjević N, Grubić G, Stojanović B, Božičković A. Importance Of Fish Meal And Other Animal Feedstuffs In Production Of Concentrate Mixtures. in 5. International Conference “Aquaculture & Fishery” Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia,. 2011;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5514 .

Dinić, Bora, Djordjević, Nenad, Grubić, Goran, Stojanović, Bojan, Božičković, Aleksa, "Importance Of Fish Meal And Other Animal Feedstuffs In Production Of Concentrate Mixtures" in 5. International Conference “Aquaculture & Fishery” Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia, (2011),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5514 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Djordjević, Nenad
AU  - Grubić, Goran
AU  - Stojanović, Bojan
AU  - Božičković, Aleksa
AU  - Ivetić, Aleksandra
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2585
AB  - In this paper we present the overview of the modern techniques for ensiling of maize and lucerne in order to obtain maximal quality and preservation of their nutritive value. I recent times it can be observed that special hybrids are being produced for maize silage, with the aim of greater digestibility. In previous decades investigations were focused on brown-midrib hybrids (bm3) due to their lower lignin content and increased in vitro NDF digestibility. In recent years much of the emphasis is placed on leafy maize hybrids for silage, which have large proportion of leaves , higher moisture in the grain and softer texture of the cob. In order to increase nutritive value of maize silage also the high oil and waxy hybrids are produced. In order to achieve maximal quality of lucerne silages and control in nutrient degradation during the ensiling process the various technological methods are developed, such as wilting, carbohydrate stimulation, inoculation and chemical conservation. Along with those methods which are not new, in recent times the selection of legume cultivars suitable for ruminant digestion is becoming important, and also genetic manipulations with the aim to decrease proteolysis during the ensiling process.
AB  - U radu je dat pregled savremenih postupaka pripremanja silaže kukuruza i senaže lucerke, koji se preduzimaju u cilju postizanja maskimalne hranljive vrednosti. Za pripremanje kuruzne silaže sve više se radi na selekcionisanju specijalnih hibrida povećane svarljivosti. Ranijih decenija su bili veoma aktuelni brown-midrib hibridi (bm3) zbog znatno nižeg udela lignina a time i povećane in vitro svarljivosti NDF vlakana. Zadnjih godina su dosta ispitivani leafy hibridi kukuruza za silažu, koji se karakterišu velikom količinom lišća, većim udelom vlage u zrnu i mekšom teksturom klipa. U cilju povećanja hranljive vrednosti kukuruzne silaže, gaje se hibridi sa povećanim sadržajem ulja- voskovci (waxy) i dr. U cilju postizanja maksimalnog kvaliteta silaža i kontrole degradacije hranljivih materija, u toku siliranja leguminoza koriste se različiti postupci kao što je provenjavanje, ugljenohidratna stimulacija, inokulacija i hemijsko konzervisanje. Pored ovih tehnologija starijeg datuma, u zadnje vreme vrši se selekcija sorti leguminoza na ruminalnu razgradivost, kao i genetske manipulacije u cilju smanjenja proteolize.
PB  - Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela
T2  - Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
T1  - Modern technologies in ensiling maize and lucerne
T1  - Savremene tehnologije siliranja kukuruza i lucerke
EP  - 35
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 27
VL  - 17
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2585
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Djordjević, Nenad and Grubić, Goran and Stojanović, Bojan and Božičković, Aleksa and Ivetić, Aleksandra",
year = "2011",
abstract = "In this paper we present the overview of the modern techniques for ensiling of maize and lucerne in order to obtain maximal quality and preservation of their nutritive value. I recent times it can be observed that special hybrids are being produced for maize silage, with the aim of greater digestibility. In previous decades investigations were focused on brown-midrib hybrids (bm3) due to their lower lignin content and increased in vitro NDF digestibility. In recent years much of the emphasis is placed on leafy maize hybrids for silage, which have large proportion of leaves , higher moisture in the grain and softer texture of the cob. In order to increase nutritive value of maize silage also the high oil and waxy hybrids are produced. In order to achieve maximal quality of lucerne silages and control in nutrient degradation during the ensiling process the various technological methods are developed, such as wilting, carbohydrate stimulation, inoculation and chemical conservation. Along with those methods which are not new, in recent times the selection of legume cultivars suitable for ruminant digestion is becoming important, and also genetic manipulations with the aim to decrease proteolysis during the ensiling process., U radu je dat pregled savremenih postupaka pripremanja silaže kukuruza i senaže lucerke, koji se preduzimaju u cilju postizanja maskimalne hranljive vrednosti. Za pripremanje kuruzne silaže sve više se radi na selekcionisanju specijalnih hibrida povećane svarljivosti. Ranijih decenija su bili veoma aktuelni brown-midrib hibridi (bm3) zbog znatno nižeg udela lignina a time i povećane in vitro svarljivosti NDF vlakana. Zadnjih godina su dosta ispitivani leafy hibridi kukuruza za silažu, koji se karakterišu velikom količinom lišća, većim udelom vlage u zrnu i mekšom teksturom klipa. U cilju povećanja hranljive vrednosti kukuruzne silaže, gaje se hibridi sa povećanim sadržajem ulja- voskovci (waxy) i dr. U cilju postizanja maksimalnog kvaliteta silaža i kontrole degradacije hranljivih materija, u toku siliranja leguminoza koriste se različiti postupci kao što je provenjavanje, ugljenohidratna stimulacija, inokulacija i hemijsko konzervisanje. Pored ovih tehnologija starijeg datuma, u zadnje vreme vrši se selekcija sorti leguminoza na ruminalnu razgradivost, kao i genetske manipulacije u cilju smanjenja proteolize.",
publisher = "Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela",
journal = "Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik",
title = "Modern technologies in ensiling maize and lucerne, Savremene tehnologije siliranja kukuruza i lucerke",
pages = "35-27",
number = "3-4",
volume = "17",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2585"
}

Djordjević, N., Grubić, G., Stojanović, B., Božičković, A.,& Ivetić, A.. (2011). Modern technologies in ensiling maize and lucerne. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik
Institut PKB Agroekonomik, Padinska skela., 17(3-4), 27-35.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2585

Djordjević N, Grubić G, Stojanović B, Božičković A, Ivetić A. Modern technologies in ensiling maize and lucerne. in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik. 2011;17(3-4):27-35.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2585 .

Djordjević, Nenad, Grubić, Goran, Stojanović, Bojan, Božičković, Aleksa, Ivetić, Aleksandra, "Modern technologies in ensiling maize and lucerne" in Zbornik naučnih radova Instituta PKB Agroekonomik, 17, no. 3-4 (2011):27-35,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2585 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Djordjević, Nenad
AU  - Grubić, Goran
AU  - Stojanović, Bojan
AU  - Božičković, Aleksa
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2537
AB  - The effect of different levels of compression (A1 = 420 gdm-1, A2 = 560 gdm-1) and inoculation (B1 = no inoculant, B2 = with inoculant) on changes in chemical composition, proteolysis and quality of lucerne silage was investigated in this paper. Based on the results of chemical analysis we found that in silages with more compressed material there was a reduction in the amount of ammonia nitrogen, soluble nitrogen and acetic acid, and increased content of protein nitrogen ('true'protein) and production of lactic acid (p lt 0.05). With the inoculation of the ensiling material the production of ammonia nitrogen and acetic acid was reduced but the content of lactic acid and acidity was increased (p lt 0.05). The interaction of both investigated factors (A×B) induced a decrease in the proteolysis degree, increase of lactic acid production and decrease in acetic acid production, and decrease in pH values (p lt 0.001) in investigated silages. The investigated factors had less influence on the chemical composition of lucerne material, and the significant variations were observed in fat and NFE contents. On the basis of this investigation the degree of compression is the most important parameter in ensiling technology. With the adequate compression and reduction of air in the starting material, the aerobic phase is reduced and the activity of proeolytic enzymes is decreased. In practice the special attention should be given to factors on which directly or indirectly the level of compression of ensiled material depends: wilting, cutting, object selection and/or selection of machines used for compression.
AB  - U radu je ispitivan uticaj različitog stepena sabijanja (A1 = 420 gdm-1, A2 = 560 gdm-1) i inokulacije (B1 = bez inokulanta, B2 = sa inokulantom) na promene parametara hemijskog sastava, proteolize i kvaliteta silaže lucerke. Na osnovu rezultata hemijskih analiza utvrđeno je u silažama od bolje sabijenog materijala smanjenje količine amonijačnog i rastvorljivog azota, kao i sirćetne kiseline, i povećanje količine proteinskog azota ('pravog' proteina) i mlečne kiseline (p lt 0,05). Inokulacijom siliranog materijala smanjena je produkcija amonijačnog azota i sirćetne kiseline i istovremeno povećana produkcija mlečne kiseline i kiselost silaža (p lt 0,05). Interakcijom ispitivanih faktora (A×B) došlo je do smanjenja stepena proteolize u silažama, povećanja produkcije mlečne kiseline i smanjenja količine sirćetne kiseline, a time i smanjenja pH vrednosti (p lt 0,001). Ispitivani faktori su bili od manjeg značaja za promene parametara hemijskog sastava hraniva pa su signifikantno varirali samo količina masti i BEM-a. Na osnovu izvedenih ispitivanja može se zaključiti da je stepen sabijanja najvažnija mera u tehnologiji siliranja hraniva. Adekvatnim sabijanjem skraćuje se trajanje aerobne faze i ograničava delatnost proteilitičkih enzima. U praksi treba posvetiti maksimalnu pažnju faktorima od kojih direktno ili indirektno zavisi stepen sabijenosti siliranog materijala: stepenu provenulosti, dužini seckanja, izboru tipa objekta za siliranje i/ili izboru mehanizacije za sabijanje (gaženje ili baliranje).
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd
T2  - Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade)
T1  - The influence of compression level and inoculation on biochemical changes in lucerne silages
T1  - Uticaj stepena sabijanja i inokulacije na biohemijske promene u silažama lucerke
EP  - 23
IS  - 1
SP  - 15
VL  - 56
DO  - 10.2298/JAS1101015D
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Djordjević, Nenad and Grubić, Goran and Stojanović, Bojan and Božičković, Aleksa",
year = "2011",
abstract = "The effect of different levels of compression (A1 = 420 gdm-1, A2 = 560 gdm-1) and inoculation (B1 = no inoculant, B2 = with inoculant) on changes in chemical composition, proteolysis and quality of lucerne silage was investigated in this paper. Based on the results of chemical analysis we found that in silages with more compressed material there was a reduction in the amount of ammonia nitrogen, soluble nitrogen and acetic acid, and increased content of protein nitrogen ('true'protein) and production of lactic acid (p lt 0.05). With the inoculation of the ensiling material the production of ammonia nitrogen and acetic acid was reduced but the content of lactic acid and acidity was increased (p lt 0.05). The interaction of both investigated factors (A×B) induced a decrease in the proteolysis degree, increase of lactic acid production and decrease in acetic acid production, and decrease in pH values (p lt 0.001) in investigated silages. The investigated factors had less influence on the chemical composition of lucerne material, and the significant variations were observed in fat and NFE contents. On the basis of this investigation the degree of compression is the most important parameter in ensiling technology. With the adequate compression and reduction of air in the starting material, the aerobic phase is reduced and the activity of proeolytic enzymes is decreased. In practice the special attention should be given to factors on which directly or indirectly the level of compression of ensiled material depends: wilting, cutting, object selection and/or selection of machines used for compression., U radu je ispitivan uticaj različitog stepena sabijanja (A1 = 420 gdm-1, A2 = 560 gdm-1) i inokulacije (B1 = bez inokulanta, B2 = sa inokulantom) na promene parametara hemijskog sastava, proteolize i kvaliteta silaže lucerke. Na osnovu rezultata hemijskih analiza utvrđeno je u silažama od bolje sabijenog materijala smanjenje količine amonijačnog i rastvorljivog azota, kao i sirćetne kiseline, i povećanje količine proteinskog azota ('pravog' proteina) i mlečne kiseline (p lt 0,05). Inokulacijom siliranog materijala smanjena je produkcija amonijačnog azota i sirćetne kiseline i istovremeno povećana produkcija mlečne kiseline i kiselost silaža (p lt 0,05). Interakcijom ispitivanih faktora (A×B) došlo je do smanjenja stepena proteolize u silažama, povećanja produkcije mlečne kiseline i smanjenja količine sirćetne kiseline, a time i smanjenja pH vrednosti (p lt 0,001). Ispitivani faktori su bili od manjeg značaja za promene parametara hemijskog sastava hraniva pa su signifikantno varirali samo količina masti i BEM-a. Na osnovu izvedenih ispitivanja može se zaključiti da je stepen sabijanja najvažnija mera u tehnologiji siliranja hraniva. Adekvatnim sabijanjem skraćuje se trajanje aerobne faze i ograničava delatnost proteilitičkih enzima. U praksi treba posvetiti maksimalnu pažnju faktorima od kojih direktno ili indirektno zavisi stepen sabijenosti siliranog materijala: stepenu provenulosti, dužini seckanja, izboru tipa objekta za siliranje i/ili izboru mehanizacije za sabijanje (gaženje ili baliranje).",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd",
journal = "Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade)",
title = "The influence of compression level and inoculation on biochemical changes in lucerne silages, Uticaj stepena sabijanja i inokulacije na biohemijske promene u silažama lucerke",
pages = "23-15",
number = "1",
volume = "56",
doi = "10.2298/JAS1101015D"
}

Djordjević, N., Grubić, G., Stojanović, B.,& Božičković, A.. (2011). The influence of compression level and inoculation on biochemical changes in lucerne silages. in Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade)
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd., 56(1), 15-23.
https://doi.org/10.2298/JAS1101015D

Djordjević N, Grubić G, Stojanović B, Božičković A. The influence of compression level and inoculation on biochemical changes in lucerne silages. in Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade). 2011;56(1):15-23.
doi:10.2298/JAS1101015D .

Djordjević, Nenad, Grubić, Goran, Stojanović, Bojan, Božičković, Aleksa, "The influence of compression level and inoculation on biochemical changes in lucerne silages" in Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade), 56, no. 1 (2011):15-23,
https://doi.org/10.2298/JAS1101015D . .

TY  - THES
AU  - Blagojević, Bojan
PY  - 2011
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4
AB  - The main aim of this work was to develop and optimize objective and measurable indicators of biological risks for the safety of carcass meat, and to - based on qualitative risk assessment - identify and objectively compare performances of the main risk management strategies in cattle and pig abattoirs. The potential of haptoglobin as an indicator of animal pre-slaughter risk classification regarding the presence of pathological lesions was investigated in cattle and pigs which were divided into groups, based on their pre-history or meat inspection findings. Each animal was subjected to the current official meat inspection and blood serum haptoglobin level determination. In both cattle and pigs, the mean haptoglobin concentrations were significantly higher in groups with abnormalities than in those without, but such a correlation was not been established at the level of individual animals. The study indicated that the mean haptoglobin level in groups of animals intended for slaughter can be used as an additional, objective indicator of general health status of animals and/or appropriateness of farm of their origin, when analysing the food chain information as a part of the ante-mortem inspection. This is important in deciding whether to perform simplified or detailed post-mortem inspection of certain animals or groups of animals at abattoirs. The numerical assessment of cattle cleanliness before slaughter was evaluated as a risk indicator of dressed beef carcasses’ microbial contamination. Cattle hide cleanliness was visually assessed (on a scale of 1 to 4) and levels of generic microbiota and occurrence of Escherichia coli O157 on dressed carcass were determined. A global correlation was found between the visual hide cleanliness and generic microbiota levels on dressed carcasses, but these levels significantly differed only between very dirty cattle (category 4) and all other less dirty or clean cattle (categories 1, 2 and 3). Regarding the visual cattle cleanliness and the presence of Escherichia coli O157 on dressed carcasses, a clear relationship was not determined. The validity of cattle cleanliness visual assessment system and usefulness of this as an indicator of risk of generic microbiota contamination of dressed carcasses was confirmed. Also, the quantitative relationship between the levels of incoming (hide/skin) and final (dressed carcasses) microbiological contamination was evaluated as an indicator for risk categorization of cattle and pig abattoirs in terms of their performances in reducing the risk of microbiological contamination of meat. Levels of generic microbiota and occurrence of the major pathogens in beef (Escherichia coli O157) and pork chain (Salmonella) were determined on hides/skins and dressed carcasses. The results showed that the ratio between generic microbiota levels on dressed carcasses and hides/skins is more precise and more reliable in the differentiation of process hygiene performances of abattoirs, compared to the official current process hygiene criteria laid down in the European Union legislation. On the other hand, the results indicated that the prevalence of pathogens is not useful as a parameter in the characterization of abattoir process hygiene. Additionally, potential contributions of the main current strategies in biological meat safety risk management in cattle and pig abattoirs - the current meat inspection and abattoir process hygiene - in ensuring the overall biological safety of meat were compared. Human health biological foodborne risks associated with beef or pork that can be controlled by one of the two strategies at abattoirs were qualitatively assessed. Comparing the levels of assessed risks, it was concluded that adequate process hygiene currently contributes significantly more to the overall biological safety of beef and pork VIII carcasses than current meat inspection. However, in the global meat safety assurance system, both of these strategies must have a specific role, according to the risk assessment of hazards which they individually control. Overall, this study has provided a scientific basis for the further development of contemporary, longitudinal and integrated risk management system for biological safety of beef and pork, as well as the use of some new indicators of biological risk in such a system. At the same time, it has indicated the needs and directions for further and more intensive research to optimize and implement that modern system and the proposed risk indicators in practice.
AB  - Glavni cilj ovog rada je bio da se razviju i optimizuju objektivni i merljivi indikatori bioloških rizika po bezbednost mesa trupova, kao i da se – na osnovu kvalitativne ocene rizika - objektivno sagledaju i uporede performanse glavnih strategija za upravljanje tim rizicima na klanicama za goveda i svinje. Ispitan je potencijal haptoglobina goveda i svinja, podeljenih u grupe na osnovu njihove pred-istorije ili nalaza tokom inspekcije mesa, kao indikatora za njihovu rizičnu kategorizaciju pre klanja u pogledu prisustva patoloških lezija. Svaka životinja je bila podvrgnuta aktuelnoj zvaničnoj inspekciji mesa i određen je nivo haptoglobina u krvnom serumu. I u svinja i u goveda, srednje vrednosti koncentracije haptoglobina su bile značajno više u grupama kod kojih su detektovane abnormalnosti u odnosu na grupe ovih životinja bez nađenih promena, ali takva korelacija nije utvrđena na nivou individualne životinje. Studija je ukazala da određivanje srednjeg nivoa haptoglobina u grupa životinja namenjenih klanju može da služi kao dodatni, objektivni indikator opšte prihvatljivosti zdravstvenog statusa i/ili farme porekla životinja, u okviru analize informacija iz lanca hrane kao dela premortalne inspekcije. Ovo je važno zbog donošenja odluke o sprovođenju pojednostavljene ili detaljnije postmortalne inspekcije određenih životinja ili grupa životinja na klanicama. U pogledu indikatora rizika od mikrobiološke kontaminacije obrađenih goveđih trupova, ispitana je mogućnost korišćenja numeričke ocene vizuelne čistoće goveda pre klanja. Vizuelno je ocenjena čistoća kože goveda (na skali od 1 do 4), a zatim su na obrađenim trupovima određeni nivoi generičke mikrobiote i prisustvo Escherichia coli O157. Utvrđena je globalna korelacija između vizuelne čistoće kože i nivoa generičke mikrobiote na obrađenim trupovima, ali su se ti nivoi značajno razlikovali samo između trupova vrlo prljavih goveda (kategorija 4) i svih drugih manje prljavih ili čistih (kategorije 1, 2 i 3). U pogledu vizuelne čistoće goveda i prisustva Escherichia coli O157 na obrađenim trupovima, jasna korelacija nije utvrđena. Potvrđena je opravdanost korišćenja sistema vizuelne ocene čistoće goveda i korisnost ove ocene kao jednog od indikatora nivoa rizika od mikrobiološke kontaminacije obrađenih trupova u pogledu generičke mikrobiote. Takođe, ispitana je mogućnost korišćenja kvantitativnog odnosa između nivoa ulazne (na koži) i finalne (na obrađenim trupovima) mikrobiološke kontaminacije kao potencijalnog indikatora za rizičnu kategorizaciju goveđih i svinjskih klanica u pogledu njihovih performansi u redukciji rizika od mikrobiološke kontaminacije mesa. Na kožama i trupovima goveda i svinja su određeni nivoi generičke mikrobiote i prisustvo najznačajnijih patogena u lancu goveđeg (Escherichia coli O157) i svinjskog mesa (Salmonella). Rezultati su pokazali da je odnos statusa kože i obrađenog trupa u pogledu nivoa generičke mikrobiote precizniji i pouzdaniji u diferencijaciji performansi procesne higijene klanica, u poređenju sa zvaničnim aktuelnim kriterijumima procesne higijene navedenim u legislativi Evropske Unije. S druge strane, rezultati su ukazali da korišćenje prevalencije patogena kao parametra u karakterizaciji procesne higijene klanica nije korisno. Pored toga, upoređeni su potencijalni doprinosi glavnih današnjih strategija u upravljanju biološkim rizicima za bezbednost mesa na klanicama za goveda i svinje - aktuelne inspekcije mesa i procesne higijene klanice - ukupnom osiguranju biološke bezbednosti mesa. Kvalitativno su ocenjeni rizici po zdravlje ljudi od alimentarnih hazarda povezanih sa goveđim ili svinjskim mesom, koje je moguće kontrolisati jednom od ove dve strategije na klanicama. Poređenjem nivoa ocenjenih rizika, utvrđeno je da adekvatna procesna higijena danas značajno više doprinosi ukupnoj biološkoj bezbednosti mesa trupova goveda i svinja u odnosu na aktuelnu inspekciju mesa. Ipak, u globalnom sistemu bezbednosti mesa, obe navedene strategije moraju da imaju specifičnu ulogu, shodno oceni rizika od hazarda koje kontrolišu. Svekupno, ova studija je pružila naučnu osnovu za dalje unapređenje savremenog, longitudinalnog i integrisanog sistema biološke bezbednosti goveđeg i svinjskog mesa, kao i za korišćenje nekih novih indikatora bioloških rizika u tom sistemu. Istovremeno, ukazala je i na potrebu i smer za dalja/dublja istraživanja za optimizaciju i implementacije tog modernog sistema i predloženih indikatora rizika u praksi.
PB  - Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet
T1  - Haptoglobin, macroscopic and bacterial indicators of the risk for meat safety at abattoir
T1  - Haptoglobin, makroskopski i bakteriološki indikatori rizika po bezbednost mesa na klanici
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_1646
ER  - 

@phdthesis{
author = "Blagojević, Bojan",
year = "2011",
abstract = "The main aim of this work was to develop and optimize objective and measurable indicators of biological risks for the safety of carcass meat, and to - based on qualitative risk assessment - identify and objectively compare performances of the main risk management strategies in cattle and pig abattoirs. The potential of haptoglobin as an indicator of animal pre-slaughter risk classification regarding the presence of pathological lesions was investigated in cattle and pigs which were divided into groups, based on their pre-history or meat inspection findings. Each animal was subjected to the current official meat inspection and blood serum haptoglobin level determination. In both cattle and pigs, the mean haptoglobin concentrations were significantly higher in groups with abnormalities than in those without, but such a correlation was not been established at the level of individual animals. The study indicated that the mean haptoglobin level in groups of animals intended for slaughter can be used as an additional, objective indicator of general health status of animals and/or appropriateness of farm of their origin, when analysing the food chain information as a part of the ante-mortem inspection. This is important in deciding whether to perform simplified or detailed post-mortem inspection of certain animals or groups of animals at abattoirs. The numerical assessment of cattle cleanliness before slaughter was evaluated as a risk indicator of dressed beef carcasses’ microbial contamination. Cattle hide cleanliness was visually assessed (on a scale of 1 to 4) and levels of generic microbiota and occurrence of Escherichia coli O157 on dressed carcass were determined. A global correlation was found between the visual hide cleanliness and generic microbiota levels on dressed carcasses, but these levels significantly differed only between very dirty cattle (category 4) and all other less dirty or clean cattle (categories 1, 2 and 3). Regarding the visual cattle cleanliness and the presence of Escherichia coli O157 on dressed carcasses, a clear relationship was not determined. The validity of cattle cleanliness visual assessment system and usefulness of this as an indicator of risk of generic microbiota contamination of dressed carcasses was confirmed. Also, the quantitative relationship between the levels of incoming (hide/skin) and final (dressed carcasses) microbiological contamination was evaluated as an indicator for risk categorization of cattle and pig abattoirs in terms of their performances in reducing the risk of microbiological contamination of meat. Levels of generic microbiota and occurrence of the major pathogens in beef (Escherichia coli O157) and pork chain (Salmonella) were determined on hides/skins and dressed carcasses. The results showed that the ratio between generic microbiota levels on dressed carcasses and hides/skins is more precise and more reliable in the differentiation of process hygiene performances of abattoirs, compared to the official current process hygiene criteria laid down in the European Union legislation. On the other hand, the results indicated that the prevalence of pathogens is not useful as a parameter in the characterization of abattoir process hygiene. Additionally, potential contributions of the main current strategies in biological meat safety risk management in cattle and pig abattoirs - the current meat inspection and abattoir process hygiene - in ensuring the overall biological safety of meat were compared. Human health biological foodborne risks associated with beef or pork that can be controlled by one of the two strategies at abattoirs were qualitatively assessed. Comparing the levels of assessed risks, it was concluded that adequate process hygiene currently contributes significantly more to the overall biological safety of beef and pork VIII carcasses than current meat inspection. However, in the global meat safety assurance system, both of these strategies must have a specific role, according to the risk assessment of hazards which they individually control. Overall, this study has provided a scientific basis for the further development of contemporary, longitudinal and integrated risk management system for biological safety of beef and pork, as well as the use of some new indicators of biological risk in such a system. At the same time, it has indicated the needs and directions for further and more intensive research to optimize and implement that modern system and the proposed risk indicators in practice., Glavni cilj ovog rada je bio da se razviju i optimizuju objektivni i merljivi indikatori bioloških rizika po bezbednost mesa trupova, kao i da se – na osnovu kvalitativne ocene rizika - objektivno sagledaju i uporede performanse glavnih strategija za upravljanje tim rizicima na klanicama za goveda i svinje. Ispitan je potencijal haptoglobina goveda i svinja, podeljenih u grupe na osnovu njihove pred-istorije ili nalaza tokom inspekcije mesa, kao indikatora za njihovu rizičnu kategorizaciju pre klanja u pogledu prisustva patoloških lezija. Svaka životinja je bila podvrgnuta aktuelnoj zvaničnoj inspekciji mesa i određen je nivo haptoglobina u krvnom serumu. I u svinja i u goveda, srednje vrednosti koncentracije haptoglobina su bile značajno više u grupama kod kojih su detektovane abnormalnosti u odnosu na grupe ovih životinja bez nađenih promena, ali takva korelacija nije utvrđena na nivou individualne životinje. Studija je ukazala da određivanje srednjeg nivoa haptoglobina u grupa životinja namenjenih klanju može da služi kao dodatni, objektivni indikator opšte prihvatljivosti zdravstvenog statusa i/ili farme porekla životinja, u okviru analize informacija iz lanca hrane kao dela premortalne inspekcije. Ovo je važno zbog donošenja odluke o sprovođenju pojednostavljene ili detaljnije postmortalne inspekcije određenih životinja ili grupa životinja na klanicama. U pogledu indikatora rizika od mikrobiološke kontaminacije obrađenih goveđih trupova, ispitana je mogućnost korišćenja numeričke ocene vizuelne čistoće goveda pre klanja. Vizuelno je ocenjena čistoća kože goveda (na skali od 1 do 4), a zatim su na obrađenim trupovima određeni nivoi generičke mikrobiote i prisustvo Escherichia coli O157. Utvrđena je globalna korelacija između vizuelne čistoće kože i nivoa generičke mikrobiote na obrađenim trupovima, ali su se ti nivoi značajno razlikovali samo između trupova vrlo prljavih goveda (kategorija 4) i svih drugih manje prljavih ili čistih (kategorije 1, 2 i 3). U pogledu vizuelne čistoće goveda i prisustva Escherichia coli O157 na obrađenim trupovima, jasna korelacija nije utvrđena. Potvrđena je opravdanost korišćenja sistema vizuelne ocene čistoće goveda i korisnost ove ocene kao jednog od indikatora nivoa rizika od mikrobiološke kontaminacije obrađenih trupova u pogledu generičke mikrobiote. Takođe, ispitana je mogućnost korišćenja kvantitativnog odnosa između nivoa ulazne (na koži) i finalne (na obrađenim trupovima) mikrobiološke kontaminacije kao potencijalnog indikatora za rizičnu kategorizaciju goveđih i svinjskih klanica u pogledu njihovih performansi u redukciji rizika od mikrobiološke kontaminacije mesa. Na kožama i trupovima goveda i svinja su određeni nivoi generičke mikrobiote i prisustvo najznačajnijih patogena u lancu goveđeg (Escherichia coli O157) i svinjskog mesa (Salmonella). Rezultati su pokazali da je odnos statusa kože i obrađenog trupa u pogledu nivoa generičke mikrobiote precizniji i pouzdaniji u diferencijaciji performansi procesne higijene klanica, u poređenju sa zvaničnim aktuelnim kriterijumima procesne higijene navedenim u legislativi Evropske Unije. S druge strane, rezultati su ukazali da korišćenje prevalencije patogena kao parametra u karakterizaciji procesne higijene klanica nije korisno. Pored toga, upoređeni su potencijalni doprinosi glavnih današnjih strategija u upravljanju biološkim rizicima za bezbednost mesa na klanicama za goveda i svinje - aktuelne inspekcije mesa i procesne higijene klanice - ukupnom osiguranju biološke bezbednosti mesa. Kvalitativno su ocenjeni rizici po zdravlje ljudi od alimentarnih hazarda povezanih sa goveđim ili svinjskim mesom, koje je moguće kontrolisati jednom od ove dve strategije na klanicama. Poređenjem nivoa ocenjenih rizika, utvrđeno je da adekvatna procesna higijena danas značajno više doprinosi ukupnoj biološkoj bezbednosti mesa trupova goveda i svinja u odnosu na aktuelnu inspekciju mesa. Ipak, u globalnom sistemu bezbednosti mesa, obe navedene strategije moraju da imaju specifičnu ulogu, shodno oceni rizika od hazarda koje kontrolišu. Svekupno, ova studija je pružila naučnu osnovu za dalje unapređenje savremenog, longitudinalnog i integrisanog sistema biološke bezbednosti goveđeg i svinjskog mesa, kao i za korišćenje nekih novih indikatora bioloških rizika u tom sistemu. Istovremeno, ukazala je i na potrebu i smer za dalja/dublja istraživanja za optimizaciju i implementacije tog modernog sistema i predloženih indikatora rizika u praksi.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet",
title = "Haptoglobin, macroscopic and bacterial indicators of the risk for meat safety at abattoir, Haptoglobin, makroskopski i bakteriološki indikatori rizika po bezbednost mesa na klanici",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_1646"
}

Blagojević, B.. (2011). Haptoglobin, macroscopic and bacterial indicators of the risk for meat safety at abattoir. 
Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_1646

Blagojević B. Haptoglobin, macroscopic and bacterial indicators of the risk for meat safety at abattoir. 2011;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_1646 .

Blagojević, Bojan, "Haptoglobin, macroscopic and bacterial indicators of the risk for meat safety at abattoir" (2011),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_nardus_1646 .