TY  - CONF
AU  - Adamović, M.J.
AU  - Grubić, Goran
AU  - Šefer, Dragan
AU  - Lević, J.D.
AU  - Bošković, D.T.
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2756
AB  - Biological treatment of feeds includes its exposure to the influence of exogenous enzymes in digestive tract of animals, i.e. exposure to the process of fermentation under the influence of microorganisms (pre-digestion) in fementors. Basic reason for adding endogenous enzymes into animal diets is the activity of already existing unused nutrients into outer space. The technology of pre digestion of food includes exposure of food to the process of action of added enzymes in fementors which enable undisturbed and successful fermentation. Microorganisms isolated from rumen of ruminants dissolve cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and other difficultly digestible polysaccharides using their own enzymes, and the products of dissolution (simple sugars) are used for the synthesis of microbial protein of high biological value. They use nitrate and nitrite nitrogen from food and from the air. They synthesize vitamins of B complex, D, E, and K vitamins and they also dissolve mycotoxines, making the food contaminated with mycotoxines less harmful. Through the process of fermentation of feeds, under the influence of microorganisms of rumen ("Biofermix" preparation) examined in Russian scientific research institutes, in cases of certain animal feeds (e.g. wheat bran), the increase in the protein content was determined from 13 to 25%, as well as reduced content of cellulose from 8 to 2%, which contributes to the greater utilization of such feed, to the better production reproductive and health performances of animals and to the protection of the environment as well. In order to gain new experience and to obtain additional arguments on efficacy of utilization of microorganisms in the process of biological treatment of animal feed it is necessary to perform research work with raw materials which is used under our conditions.
PB  - 6th Central European Congress on Food, CEFood 2012
C3  - CEFood 2012 - Proceedings of 6th Central European Congress on Food
T1  - Biological treatment of animal feeds
EP  - 1589
SP  - 1583
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2756
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Adamović, M.J. and Grubić, Goran and Šefer, Dragan and Lević, J.D. and Bošković, D.T.",
year = "2012",
abstract = "Biological treatment of feeds includes its exposure to the influence of exogenous enzymes in digestive tract of animals, i.e. exposure to the process of fermentation under the influence of microorganisms (pre-digestion) in fementors. Basic reason for adding endogenous enzymes into animal diets is the activity of already existing unused nutrients into outer space. The technology of pre digestion of food includes exposure of food to the process of action of added enzymes in fementors which enable undisturbed and successful fermentation. Microorganisms isolated from rumen of ruminants dissolve cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and other difficultly digestible polysaccharides using their own enzymes, and the products of dissolution (simple sugars) are used for the synthesis of microbial protein of high biological value. They use nitrate and nitrite nitrogen from food and from the air. They synthesize vitamins of B complex, D, E, and K vitamins and they also dissolve mycotoxines, making the food contaminated with mycotoxines less harmful. Through the process of fermentation of feeds, under the influence of microorganisms of rumen ("Biofermix" preparation) examined in Russian scientific research institutes, in cases of certain animal feeds (e.g. wheat bran), the increase in the protein content was determined from 13 to 25%, as well as reduced content of cellulose from 8 to 2%, which contributes to the greater utilization of such feed, to the better production reproductive and health performances of animals and to the protection of the environment as well. In order to gain new experience and to obtain additional arguments on efficacy of utilization of microorganisms in the process of biological treatment of animal feed it is necessary to perform research work with raw materials which is used under our conditions.",
publisher = "6th Central European Congress on Food, CEFood 2012",
journal = "CEFood 2012 - Proceedings of 6th Central European Congress on Food",
title = "Biological treatment of animal feeds",
pages = "1589-1583",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2756"
}

Adamović, M.J., Grubić, G., Šefer, D., Lević, J.D.,& Bošković, D.T.. (2012). Biological treatment of animal feeds. in CEFood 2012 - Proceedings of 6th Central European Congress on Food
6th Central European Congress on Food, CEFood 2012., 1583-1589.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2756

Adamović M, Grubić G, Šefer D, Lević J, Bošković D. Biological treatment of animal feeds. in CEFood 2012 - Proceedings of 6th Central European Congress on Food. 2012;:1583-1589.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2756 .

Adamović, M.J., Grubić, Goran, Šefer, Dragan, Lević, J.D., Bošković, D.T., "Biological treatment of animal feeds" in CEFood 2012 - Proceedings of 6th Central European Congress on Food (2012):1583-1589,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_2756 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sinovec, Zlatan J.
AU  - Šefer, Dragan
AU  - Jokić, Živan
PY  - 2005
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/963
AB  - All mineral matter, essential or non-essential, can have a significant influence on production results and the health of animals, if large quantities of them are present in a feed ration. A maximally tolerant content depends on the animal specie and category. Many factors, such as physiological status (growth, lactation, etc.), nutritive status, content and ratio of nutritive matter in the ration, duration of exposure, and the biological level of utilization of elements, also affect the maximally tolerant content of mineral matter in feed. The content of certain mineral matter in plant feed significantly depends on the soil factor, as well as the content and level of utilization of mineral matter from the soil. Mn, Se and Mo can be present in plant feed in such quantities as to induce toxicosis. Industrial contaminants, Cd, Pb or F, can contaminate plants, in particular their leaves, in quantities which lead to the appearance of clinical signs of conventional toxicosis. Moreover, natural water can contain large quantities of S, F, Na, Mg, or Fe, and certain mineral matter can get into water through industrial waste. In addition to the above, it is possible to cause unwanted effects through the frequent, but primarily unprofessional use of mineral additives, since it is extremely important, besides meeting the mineral requirements of each individual element, to secure a ratio among the mineral matter themselves as well as with other nutritive matter. Mineral matter present in food are in mutual interference, and these relations can be synergistic or antagonistic. The sufficiency of a large number of mineral matter has a negative effect on the utilization of other matter (conditional and/or border deficiency), while certain elements cause the clinical appearance of toxic effects. The accidental intake of large quantities of certain mineral matter is revealed as clinical signs of acute toxicosis, which is very different from chronic effects caused by the intake of increased quantities of mineral matter over a longer time period.
AB  - Sve mineralne materije, esencijalne ili neesencijalne, mogu značajno da utiču na proizvodne rezultate i zdravstevno stanje životinja ukoliko su u obroku prisutne u velikim količinama. Maksimalno tolerantan sadržaj zavisi se od vrste i kategorije životinja, a mnogi faktori, kao što su fiziološki status (rast, laktacija, itd), nuthtivni status, sadržaj i odnos hranljivih materija u obroku, trajanje ekspozicije i bioiskoristivost elementa, utiču na maksimalno tolerantan sadržaj mineralnih materija u hrani. Sadržaj pojedinih mineralnih materija u biljnim hranivima značajno zavisi od faktora tla, kao i sadržaja i iskoristivosti mineralnih materija iz tla. Mn, Se i Mo mogu da budu prisutni u hranivima biljnog porekla u takvim količinama da izazovu trovanja. Industrijski kontaminenti, Cd, Pb Hi F, mogu da kontaminiraju biljke, posebno lišće, u količinama koje dovode do ispoljavanja kliničkih znaka klasičnog trovanja. Osim toga, prirodno voda može da sadrži velike količine S, F, Na, Mg ili Fe, a pojedine mineralne materije mogu da dospeju u vodu preko industrijskog otpada. Pored navedenog, čestom, a pre svega nestručnom, upotrebom mineralnih dodataka postoji mogućnost izazivanja neželjenih efekata s obzirom na to daje, pored zadovoljenja minimalnih potreba svakog pojedinačnog elementa, neobično važan i odnos mineralnih materija međusobno, kao i sa drugim hranljivim materijama. Mineralne materije prisutne u hrani interferiraju međusobno, a odnosi mogu da budu sinergistički ili antagonistički. Suficit većeg broja mineralnih materija negativno utiče na iskorišćavanje drugih (uslovni i/ili granični deficiti), dok određeni elementi izazivaju kliničko ispoljavanje toksičnih efekata. Akcidentalno unošenje velikih količina pojedinih mineralnih materija ispoljavaju se kliničkim znacima akutne toksikoze, što se veoma razlikuje od hroničnih efekata izazvanih unošenjem povećanih količina mineralnih materija tokom dužeg perioda.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
T2  - Veterinarski glasnik
T1  - Role of minerals in animal health disorders
T1  - Uloga mineralnih materija u poremećaju zdravlja životinja
EP  - 165
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 155
VL  - 59
DO  - 10.2298/VETGL0502155S
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Sinovec, Zlatan J. and Šefer, Dragan and Jokić, Živan",
year = "2005",
abstract = "All mineral matter, essential or non-essential, can have a significant influence on production results and the health of animals, if large quantities of them are present in a feed ration. A maximally tolerant content depends on the animal specie and category. Many factors, such as physiological status (growth, lactation, etc.), nutritive status, content and ratio of nutritive matter in the ration, duration of exposure, and the biological level of utilization of elements, also affect the maximally tolerant content of mineral matter in feed. The content of certain mineral matter in plant feed significantly depends on the soil factor, as well as the content and level of utilization of mineral matter from the soil. Mn, Se and Mo can be present in plant feed in such quantities as to induce toxicosis. Industrial contaminants, Cd, Pb or F, can contaminate plants, in particular their leaves, in quantities which lead to the appearance of clinical signs of conventional toxicosis. Moreover, natural water can contain large quantities of S, F, Na, Mg, or Fe, and certain mineral matter can get into water through industrial waste. In addition to the above, it is possible to cause unwanted effects through the frequent, but primarily unprofessional use of mineral additives, since it is extremely important, besides meeting the mineral requirements of each individual element, to secure a ratio among the mineral matter themselves as well as with other nutritive matter. Mineral matter present in food are in mutual interference, and these relations can be synergistic or antagonistic. The sufficiency of a large number of mineral matter has a negative effect on the utilization of other matter (conditional and/or border deficiency), while certain elements cause the clinical appearance of toxic effects. The accidental intake of large quantities of certain mineral matter is revealed as clinical signs of acute toxicosis, which is very different from chronic effects caused by the intake of increased quantities of mineral matter over a longer time period., Sve mineralne materije, esencijalne ili neesencijalne, mogu značajno da utiču na proizvodne rezultate i zdravstevno stanje životinja ukoliko su u obroku prisutne u velikim količinama. Maksimalno tolerantan sadržaj zavisi se od vrste i kategorije životinja, a mnogi faktori, kao što su fiziološki status (rast, laktacija, itd), nuthtivni status, sadržaj i odnos hranljivih materija u obroku, trajanje ekspozicije i bioiskoristivost elementa, utiču na maksimalno tolerantan sadržaj mineralnih materija u hrani. Sadržaj pojedinih mineralnih materija u biljnim hranivima značajno zavisi od faktora tla, kao i sadržaja i iskoristivosti mineralnih materija iz tla. Mn, Se i Mo mogu da budu prisutni u hranivima biljnog porekla u takvim količinama da izazovu trovanja. Industrijski kontaminenti, Cd, Pb Hi F, mogu da kontaminiraju biljke, posebno lišće, u količinama koje dovode do ispoljavanja kliničkih znaka klasičnog trovanja. Osim toga, prirodno voda može da sadrži velike količine S, F, Na, Mg ili Fe, a pojedine mineralne materije mogu da dospeju u vodu preko industrijskog otpada. Pored navedenog, čestom, a pre svega nestručnom, upotrebom mineralnih dodataka postoji mogućnost izazivanja neželjenih efekata s obzirom na to daje, pored zadovoljenja minimalnih potreba svakog pojedinačnog elementa, neobično važan i odnos mineralnih materija međusobno, kao i sa drugim hranljivim materijama. Mineralne materije prisutne u hrani interferiraju međusobno, a odnosi mogu da budu sinergistički ili antagonistički. Suficit većeg broja mineralnih materija negativno utiče na iskorišćavanje drugih (uslovni i/ili granični deficiti), dok određeni elementi izazivaju kliničko ispoljavanje toksičnih efekata. Akcidentalno unošenje velikih količina pojedinih mineralnih materija ispoljavaju se kliničkim znacima akutne toksikoze, što se veoma razlikuje od hroničnih efekata izazvanih unošenjem povećanih količina mineralnih materija tokom dužeg perioda.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd",
journal = "Veterinarski glasnik",
title = "Role of minerals in animal health disorders, Uloga mineralnih materija u poremećaju zdravlja životinja",
pages = "165-155",
number = "1-2",
volume = "59",
doi = "10.2298/VETGL0502155S"
}

Sinovec, Z. J., Šefer, D.,& Jokić, Ž.. (2005). Role of minerals in animal health disorders. in Veterinarski glasnik
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd., 59(1-2), 155-165.
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL0502155S

Sinovec ZJ, Šefer D, Jokić Ž. Role of minerals in animal health disorders. in Veterinarski glasnik. 2005;59(1-2):155-165.
doi:10.2298/VETGL0502155S .

Sinovec, Zlatan J., Šefer, Dragan, Jokić, Živan, "Role of minerals in animal health disorders" in Veterinarski glasnik, 59, no. 1-2 (2005):155-165,
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL0502155S . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Šefer, Dragan
AU  - Jakić-Dimić, Dobrila
AU  - Jokić, Živan
AU  - Sinovec, Zlatan J.
PY  - 2004
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/800
AB  - Animals need microelements in small quantities which participate in almost all physiological and biochemical processes. Microelement resorption does not depend only on their content in feed, but also on the age of the animal, the electrochemical reaction in the intestines and the form of the microelement itself. The choice of the source is based on the microelement content in solid state, its solubility in the organism, availability and utilization. Oxides, chlorides and carbonates are poorly soluble, and chlorides are hygroscopic, and carbonates oxidize rapidly. Sulphates are durable salts easy to purify, and sulphate ions are easily excreted from the organism. In addition to nonorganic forms of mineral matter, so-called chelated forms are today increasinlgy being used, in fact, organically bound microelements. Minerals bound to an amino acid or peptide are better protected during their passage through the stomach, and the resorption of a chelated form of copper is considerably higher than resorption from sulphates. The resorption of organically bound microelements does not proceed in the conventional manner (carrier/diffusion), so that there is no direct homeostatic control at the level of enterocytes, and retention and the biological half-life of a chelated form are bigger than those of an anorganic form.
AB  - Životinjama su mikroelementi potrebni u malim količinama i učestvuju u skoro svim fiziološkim i biohemijskim procesima. Resorpcija mikroelemenata ne zavisi samo od sadržaja u hrani, nego i od doba životinje, elektrohemijske reakcije u crevima i oblika u kome se mikroelement nalazi. Izbor izvora zasniva se na sadržaju mikroelementa u čistom stanju, rastvorljivosti u organizmu, dostupnosti i iskoristivosti. Oksidi, hloridi i karbonati slabo rastvorljivi, a pored toga hloridi su higroskopni, a karbonati brzo oksidišu. Sulfati su postojane soli, lake za prečišćavanje, a sulfatni jon se lako izlučuje iz organizma. Pored neorganskih formi mineralnih materija, danas se sve više koriste, takozvani "helatni" oblici, odnosno organski vezani mikroelementi. Minerali vezani sa amino-kiselinom ili peptidom bolje su zaštićeni za vreme pasaže kroz želudac, a resorpcija helatne forme bakra je znatno veća od resorpcije iz sulfata. Resorpcija organski vezanih mikroelemenata se ne odvija konvencionalno (nosač/dufuzija), pa direktna homeostatska kontrola na nivou enterocita ne postoji, a retencija i biološ ki poluživot helatnog oblika su veći kod anorganske forme.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
T2  - Veterinarski glasnik
T1  - Chelated forms of microelements as swine feed additives
T1  - Helatni oblici mikroelemenata kao dodatak hrani za svinje
EP  - 479
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 469
VL  - 58
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_800
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Šefer, Dragan and Jakić-Dimić, Dobrila and Jokić, Živan and Sinovec, Zlatan J.",
year = "2004",
abstract = "Animals need microelements in small quantities which participate in almost all physiological and biochemical processes. Microelement resorption does not depend only on their content in feed, but also on the age of the animal, the electrochemical reaction in the intestines and the form of the microelement itself. The choice of the source is based on the microelement content in solid state, its solubility in the organism, availability and utilization. Oxides, chlorides and carbonates are poorly soluble, and chlorides are hygroscopic, and carbonates oxidize rapidly. Sulphates are durable salts easy to purify, and sulphate ions are easily excreted from the organism. In addition to nonorganic forms of mineral matter, so-called chelated forms are today increasinlgy being used, in fact, organically bound microelements. Minerals bound to an amino acid or peptide are better protected during their passage through the stomach, and the resorption of a chelated form of copper is considerably higher than resorption from sulphates. The resorption of organically bound microelements does not proceed in the conventional manner (carrier/diffusion), so that there is no direct homeostatic control at the level of enterocytes, and retention and the biological half-life of a chelated form are bigger than those of an anorganic form., Životinjama su mikroelementi potrebni u malim količinama i učestvuju u skoro svim fiziološkim i biohemijskim procesima. Resorpcija mikroelemenata ne zavisi samo od sadržaja u hrani, nego i od doba životinje, elektrohemijske reakcije u crevima i oblika u kome se mikroelement nalazi. Izbor izvora zasniva se na sadržaju mikroelementa u čistom stanju, rastvorljivosti u organizmu, dostupnosti i iskoristivosti. Oksidi, hloridi i karbonati slabo rastvorljivi, a pored toga hloridi su higroskopni, a karbonati brzo oksidišu. Sulfati su postojane soli, lake za prečišćavanje, a sulfatni jon se lako izlučuje iz organizma. Pored neorganskih formi mineralnih materija, danas se sve više koriste, takozvani "helatni" oblici, odnosno organski vezani mikroelementi. Minerali vezani sa amino-kiselinom ili peptidom bolje su zaštićeni za vreme pasaže kroz želudac, a resorpcija helatne forme bakra je znatno veća od resorpcije iz sulfata. Resorpcija organski vezanih mikroelemenata se ne odvija konvencionalno (nosač/dufuzija), pa direktna homeostatska kontrola na nivou enterocita ne postoji, a retencija i biološ ki poluživot helatnog oblika su veći kod anorganske forme.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd",
journal = "Veterinarski glasnik",
title = "Chelated forms of microelements as swine feed additives, Helatni oblici mikroelemenata kao dodatak hrani za svinje",
pages = "479-469",
number = "3-4",
volume = "58",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_800"
}

Šefer, D., Jakić-Dimić, D., Jokić, Ž.,& Sinovec, Z. J.. (2004). Chelated forms of microelements as swine feed additives. in Veterinarski glasnik
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd., 58(3-4), 469-479.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_800

Šefer D, Jakić-Dimić D, Jokić Ž, Sinovec ZJ. Chelated forms of microelements as swine feed additives. in Veterinarski glasnik. 2004;58(3-4):469-479.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_800 .

Šefer, Dragan, Jakić-Dimić, Dobrila, Jokić, Živan, Sinovec, Zlatan J., "Chelated forms of microelements as swine feed additives" in Veterinarski glasnik, 58, no. 3-4 (2004):469-479,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_800 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sinovec, Zlatan J.
AU  - Jokić, Živan
AU  - Šefer, Dragan
PY  - 2002
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/388
AB  - To attain better feed utilization, longer preservation, easier manipultion and higher production and better quality of food of animal orgin as the final goal, besides raw materials, feed mixes contain numerous pronutrients (additives), added to perform different effects, in a narrower sense, the term pronutrient implies heterogenous substances, which have no diverse effects and have to be efficient in the manner of use. Basically, all pronutrients have to reach the goal of keeping optimal animal health status and to increase production of food of animal origin without adverse and negative effects. The development of biotechnology had a great part in the appearance of natural alternatives which are able to fulfil and satisfy the high demands of highly productive animals, as well as those of the consumer lobby and environmental protection movements. Growth promoters based upon physiological mechanisms and production potential of the animal have an unquestionable adventage, not only because of the lack of residues in food of animal origin; but also because of their ecological safety and decrease of envirnomental pollution by undigested materials. Demand continues to grow for "all natural", non-pharmaceutical feed additives with growth enhancing effects in food animals. Special attention is paid to minerals (anorganic and organic sources), growth stimulators (antibiotics, probiotics prebiotics), substances for better feed utilization (enzymes, acidifers) adsorbents.
AB  - Da bi se postiglo bolje iskorišćavanje hrane, duža održivost, laka manipulacija, a u krajnjem ishodu povećanje proizvodnje i poboljšanje kvaliteta namirnica animalnog porekla, pored osnovnih hraniva u smešu se dodaje veliki broj pronutritivnih materija (aditiva) koji imaju različite namene. Pronutritivne materije, u užem smislu, obuhvataju raznovrsne materije koje ne smeju da budu škodljive, a moraju da ispolje efikasnost u smislu namene. U osnovu sve pronutritivne materije imaju za cilj očuvanje zdravlja životinja uz povećanje proizvodnje namirnica animalnog porekla bez štetnih i negativnih efekata. Razvoj biotehnologije doprineo je pojavi prirodnih alternativa koje ispunjavaju i zadovoljavaju visoko postavljene zahteve samog organizma, potrošač- kog lobija i pokreta za zaštitu životne okoline. Prednost je na strani sredstava koja stimulišu rast korišćenjem fizioloških potencijala i mehanizama životinja, a značajan aspekt ima, ne samo prisustvo rezidua u namirnicama animalnog porekla, već i aspekt ekologije s obzirom i na eventualno zagađenje životne sredine izlučivanjem nesvarenih materija. Zahtevi za "prirodnom" hranom bez lekovitih dodataka koji stimulišu rast životinja rastu. Posebnu pažnju privlače mineralne materije (neorganski i organski izvori), stimulatori rasta (antibiotici probiotici, prebiotici), sredstva za bolje iskorišćavanje hrane (enzimi zakišeljivači), adsorbenti.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
T2  - Veterinarski glasnik
T1  - Additives in Swine Nutrition
T1  - Dodaci hrani za svinje
EP  - 82
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 73
VL  - 56
DO  - 10.2298/VETGL0202073S
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Sinovec, Zlatan J. and Jokić, Živan and Šefer, Dragan",
year = "2002",
abstract = "To attain better feed utilization, longer preservation, easier manipultion and higher production and better quality of food of animal orgin as the final goal, besides raw materials, feed mixes contain numerous pronutrients (additives), added to perform different effects, in a narrower sense, the term pronutrient implies heterogenous substances, which have no diverse effects and have to be efficient in the manner of use. Basically, all pronutrients have to reach the goal of keeping optimal animal health status and to increase production of food of animal origin without adverse and negative effects. The development of biotechnology had a great part in the appearance of natural alternatives which are able to fulfil and satisfy the high demands of highly productive animals, as well as those of the consumer lobby and environmental protection movements. Growth promoters based upon physiological mechanisms and production potential of the animal have an unquestionable adventage, not only because of the lack of residues in food of animal origin; but also because of their ecological safety and decrease of envirnomental pollution by undigested materials. Demand continues to grow for "all natural", non-pharmaceutical feed additives with growth enhancing effects in food animals. Special attention is paid to minerals (anorganic and organic sources), growth stimulators (antibiotics, probiotics prebiotics), substances for better feed utilization (enzymes, acidifers) adsorbents., Da bi se postiglo bolje iskorišćavanje hrane, duža održivost, laka manipulacija, a u krajnjem ishodu povećanje proizvodnje i poboljšanje kvaliteta namirnica animalnog porekla, pored osnovnih hraniva u smešu se dodaje veliki broj pronutritivnih materija (aditiva) koji imaju različite namene. Pronutritivne materije, u užem smislu, obuhvataju raznovrsne materije koje ne smeju da budu škodljive, a moraju da ispolje efikasnost u smislu namene. U osnovu sve pronutritivne materije imaju za cilj očuvanje zdravlja životinja uz povećanje proizvodnje namirnica animalnog porekla bez štetnih i negativnih efekata. Razvoj biotehnologije doprineo je pojavi prirodnih alternativa koje ispunjavaju i zadovoljavaju visoko postavljene zahteve samog organizma, potrošač- kog lobija i pokreta za zaštitu životne okoline. Prednost je na strani sredstava koja stimulišu rast korišćenjem fizioloških potencijala i mehanizama životinja, a značajan aspekt ima, ne samo prisustvo rezidua u namirnicama animalnog porekla, već i aspekt ekologije s obzirom i na eventualno zagađenje životne sredine izlučivanjem nesvarenih materija. Zahtevi za "prirodnom" hranom bez lekovitih dodataka koji stimulišu rast životinja rastu. Posebnu pažnju privlače mineralne materije (neorganski i organski izvori), stimulatori rasta (antibiotici probiotici, prebiotici), sredstva za bolje iskorišćavanje hrane (enzimi zakišeljivači), adsorbenti.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd",
journal = "Veterinarski glasnik",
title = "Additives in Swine Nutrition, Dodaci hrani za svinje",
pages = "82-73",
number = "1-2",
volume = "56",
doi = "10.2298/VETGL0202073S"
}

Sinovec, Z. J., Jokić, Ž.,& Šefer, D.. (2002). Additives in Swine Nutrition. in Veterinarski glasnik
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd., 56(1-2), 73-82.
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL0202073S

Sinovec ZJ, Jokić Ž, Šefer D. Additives in Swine Nutrition. in Veterinarski glasnik. 2002;56(1-2):73-82.
doi:10.2298/VETGL0202073S .

Sinovec, Zlatan J., Jokić, Živan, Šefer, Dragan, "Additives in Swine Nutrition" in Veterinarski glasnik, 56, no. 1-2 (2002):73-82,
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL0202073S . .