@article{
author = "Ivanović, Milan and Prokić, Anđelka and Gašić, Katarina and Menković, Jelena and Kuzmanović, Nemanja and Zlatković, Nevena and Obradović, Aleksa",
year = "2023",
abstract = "During May 2016, severe blight symptoms were observed in several
raspberry and blackberry fields in Serbia. In total, 22 strains were isolated: 16 from symptomatic raspberry shoots, 2 from asymptomatic
raspberry leaves, and 4 from symptomatic blackberry shoots. Additionally,
eight raspberry strains, isolated earlier from two similar outbreaks, were
included in the study. Pathogenicity of the strains was confirmed on
detached raspberry and blackberry shoots by reproducing the symptoms
of natural infection. The strains were Gram-negative, fluorescent on
King’s medium B, ice nucleation positive, and utilized glucose oxidatively. All strains were levan positive, oxidase negative, nonpectolytic,
arginine dihydrolase negative, and induced hypersensitivity in tobacco
leaves (LOPAT + −−− +, Pseudomonas group Ia). Furthermore, all
strains liquefied gelatin and hydrolyzed aesculin but did not show tyrosinase activity or utilize tartrate (GATTa + + − −). Tentative identification using morphology, LOPAT, GATTa, and ice-nucleating ability
tests suggested that isolated strains belong to Pseudomonas syringae.
The syrB gene associated with syringomycin production was detected
in all strains. DNA fingerprints with REP, ERIC, and BOX primers
generated identical profiles for 29 strains, except for strain KBI 222,
which showed a unique genomic fingerprint. In all, 9 of 10 selected
strains exhibited identical sequences of four housekeeping genes: gyrB,
rpoD, gapA, and gltA. Five nucleotide polymorphisms were found in
strain KBI 222 at the rpoD gene locus only. In the phylogenetic tree
based on a concatenated sequence of all four housekeeping genes,
strains clustered within phylogroup 2 (i.e., genomospecies 1) of the
P. syringae species complex, with pathotype strains of P. syringae pv.
aceris and P. syringae pv. solidagae as their closest relatives. There
was no correlation between genotype and geographic origin, particular
outbreak, host, or cultivar.",
publisher = "APS Publications",
journal = "Plant Disease",
title = "Characterization of Pseudomonas syringae Strains Associated with Shoot Blight of Raspberry and Blackberry in Serbia",
pages = "833-826",
number = "107",
doi = "10.1094/PDIS-06-22-1425-RE"
}