Influence of time of auxin application on wheat haploid embrio formation

Abstract

A hybrid interspecies zygote appears after crosses between wheat and maize Zygote derived after usual self-fertilization in wheat is dividing by mitotic divisions into embryo. However, interspecies zygote aborts soon. Auxin treatment is widely used to promote its development. Growth hormones auxins have stimulative ortoxic effects on plant tissue sin relation to its concentration and the time of application. In this paper the effect of time of auxin dicamba application on embryo in wheat x maize crosses was investigated. Chromosomes of pollen donor parent are eliminated quickly in cells of such embryos and they become haploid. It was concluded that for the production of haploid embryos the best time for auxin application is one day after pollination with maize.

Posle ukrštanja pšenice sa kukuruzom nastaje hibridni interspecies zigot Zigot nastao uobičajenom samooplodnjom pšenice deli se mitotičkim deobama i formira embrion. Međutim, interspecies zigot relativno brzo abortira. Da bi se podstakao njegov razvoj koristi se auksinski tretman. Auksini su hormoni rasta koji u zavisnosti od koncentracije i vremena primene imaju stimulativni ili toksični efekat na razvoj biljnih tkiva. U ovom radu analiziranje efekat vremena primene auksina dikamba u koncentraciji od 100 ppm na formiranje embriona pšenice dobijenih posle ukrštanja sa kukuruzom. U ćelijama takvih embriona tokom razvoja brzo se gube hromozomi donora polena, te oni postaju haploidni embrioni. Zaključeno je da za proizvodnju haploidnih embriona optimalno vreme tretiranja klasova pšenice je jedan dan posle oprašivanja polenom kukuruza.