OVERVIEW OF THE POSSIBILITY APPLICATION OF SOME NANO DRONE TECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN AGRICULTURE

Abstract

Abstract. The use of different types of drones in almost all sectors of the global economy is growing rapidly, but the use of drones in agriculture has suddenly increased. According to some data from the literature, the market for different types of drones in agriculture alone is expected to grow from USD 1.2 billion in 2019 to USD 5.5 billion in 2024. A particularly interesting phenomenon is the significant increase in the use of drones (especially various nano-types) in the world and the possibility of some of them being used in agriculture in the Republic of Serbia. The world of drone technology has taken a huge leap forward with the introduction of nano drones. For example, some modern nano drone solutions have dimensions of less than 2 x 2 cm. Nano drones are ultra-small remote-controlled aircraft that can perform a variety of tasks. They are equipped with advanced sensors and functions such as obstacle avoidance and high-speed maneuverability. Some models are even capable of taking aerial photographs, staying in the air for long periods of time and flying autonomously. Nano drones are now more affordable than ever before. Prices range from a few hundred dollars to several thousand, depending on the model and features. Nowadays, nano drones are affordable for everyday users in various fields. This paper introduces nano drone technology (e.g. the type of nano drones and equipment) as a new application for greenhouses: There are some stages that greenhouse growers can consider for the use of nano drones; Safe inspection of the structural components of greenhouses; Pollination processes (e.g. the role of RobotBee); Application of shading composite glasshouses; Crop monitoring/inventory of greenhouses.

Abstract. Upotreba različitih tipova dronova u skoro svim sektorima svetske privrede brzo raste, ali upotreba dronova u poljoprivredi je naglo povećana. Prema nekim podacima iz literature, očekuje se porast tržište različitih poljoprivrednih dronova sa 1,2 milijarde dolara ($USD) u 2019. na 5,5 milijardi dolara ($USD) 2024. godine. Posebno je interesantan fenomen značajno povećanje upotrebe različitih tipova i modela nano dronova u Svetu i mogućnost njihove upotrebe u poljoprivredi (objekti zaštićenog prostora). Svet tehnologije dronova napravio je ogroman korak napred uvođenjem tenologije nano dronova, gde neka moderna rešenja imaju dimenzije manje od 2x2 cm. Nano dronovi su ultra-male letelice sa daljinskim upravljanjem, koje su sposobne da obavljaju mnogo različitih zadataka. Opremljeni su ultra naprednim senzorima sa karakteristikama kao što su izbegavanje prepreka i manevrisanja pri velikim brzinama. Cene se kreću od nekoliko stotina do više hiljada US dolara u zavisnosti od modela, karakteristika opreme i specifičnosti namene. Ovaj rad predstavlja pregled tehnologije primene nekih tipova nano dronova i njihove neophodne opreme i nove primene u staklenicima ili plastenicima (ili slični zatvoreni objekti) kao neke faze koje korisnici staklenika mogu razmotriti za upotrebu, kao što je:

Bezbedna inspekcija nekih strukturnih komponenti staklenika/plastenika; Procesi oprašivanja (npr. uloga RobotBee); Primena smeše za osenčenje stakla na svim stranicama staklenika; Monitoring stanja useva/inventar plastenika ili staklenika.