Dietary cation-anion balance in dairy cows nutrition

Abstract

The influence of dietary cation-anion balance (dietary cation-anion difference, DCAD) on production performances of cows in lactation, and also the influence of DCAD on some metabolic disorders, especially milk fever (parturient hypocalcemia), are presented in the paper. The possibility of manipulating DCAD is considered, with the purpose of increasing production results and decreasing costs of production, as terminate aims. The concept of DCAD is defined, and the ways of its calculations. The review of numerous studies is presented, which especially considers a possibility of DCAD regulating, first of all by additioning cationic, or anionic salts (depending on stage of production cycle) and to manage acid-base status of cow's organism in this way. Particular attention is devoted to the DCAD importance in lactating cows rations.

U radu je razmatran uticaj bilansa katjona i anjona u obroku (BKAO katjonsko-anjonska razlika u obroku) mlečnih krava, kako u periodu laktacije, tako i u periodu 3-4 nedelje pred partus, na proizvodne performanse krava, kao i na pojavu određenih metaboličkih poremećaja konkretno mlečne groznice (porođajne hipokalcemije). Razmatrana je mogućnost manipulisanja, odnosno regulisanja BKAO, a sa konačnim ciljem poboljšanja proizvodnih rezultata i smanjenja troškova proizvodnje. Definisan je pojam katjonsko-anjonske razlike u obroku, i načini njegovog izračunavanja. Dat je i pregled vise studija koje se bave mogućnošću regulisanja BKAO i to dodavanjem u obrok katjonskih, odnosno anjonskih soli (zavisno od faze proizvodnog ciklusa), i na taj način uticati na acido-bazni status organizma krave. Posebna pažnja je posvećena značaju BKAO u obrocima koji se koriste u ishrani krava u laktaciji.