Inheritance of primarily height stem in wheat hybrids F1, F2 and backcross generations

Abstract

Five parent wheat varieties were crossed, three were used as mother (Rescler, Car -3601 and Briocard), and two as fathers (Father and PKB-Prelivka) in the aim to create hybrids. A total of six sets was produced (3x2) for analysis: parents (PI and P2) and generations of wheat hybrid (F1, BC1, BC2 and F2). Parents varieties, hydrides of F1; F2 generations, and hybrids of BC1, and BC2 backcross generations differed significantly and very significantly of height of primarily stem. Possible way of inheritance in F1 and F2 generation for the height of primary stem are intermediacy and partial dominance. For the height of primary stem it was concluded that genetic variance predominate to the environment variance. In that way it was got relatively height values of heritability in wide sense. In inheritance of height of primary stem significant role play additive component of genetic variance. The analysis of combination abilities showed that varieties Rescler possesses the best combining abilities for the height of primary stem. Next crossing of this varieties could get perspective lines in later generation.

Ukršteno je pet roditeljskih sorti pšenice, od kojih su tri korišćene kao majka (Rescler, Car-3601 i Briocard) i dve kao otac (Francuska i PKB-Prelivka) radi stvaranja hibrida. Dobijeno je ukupno šest setova (3x2) roditelja (P1 i P2) i generacija hibrida pšenice (F1, BC1,BC2 i F2) za analizu. Roditeljske sorte, F1,F2 hibridi i hibridi povratne generacije BC1 i BC2 značajno ili vrlo značajno se razlikuju po visini primarnog stabla. Mogući načini nasleđivanja u F1 i F2 generaciji za visinu primarnog stabla su intermedijarnost i parcijalna dominacija. Za visinu primarnog stabla utvrđeno je da genetička varijansa preovlađuje u odnosu na ekološku varijansu. U tom smislu dobijene su relativno visoke vrednosti heritabilnosti u širem smislu. U nasleđivanju visine primarnog stabla značajnu ulogu ima aditivna komponenta genetičke varijanse. Analiza kombinacionih sposobnosti pokazala je da je sorta Rescler najbolji opšti kombinator za visinu primarnog stabla. Daljim ukrštanjem ove sorte mogu se dobiti perspektivne linije u kasnijim generacijama.