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Analysis of Apple Fruit (Malus × domestica Borkh.) Quality Attributes Obtained from Organic and Integrated Production Systems

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2022
Analysis_of_Apple_pub_2022.pdf (1.117Mb)
Authors
Fotirić Akšić, Milica
Dabić Zagorac, Dragana
Gašić, Uroš
Tosti, Tomislav
Natić, Maja
Meland, Mekjell
Article (Published version)
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare total phenolic content (TPC), radical-scavenging activity (RSA), total anthocyanin content (TAC), sugar and polyphenolic profiles of two apple cultivars (‘Discovery’ and ‘Red Aroma Orelind’) from organic and integrated production systems in climatic conditions of Western Norway. Sixteen sugars and four sugar alcohols and 19 polyphenols were found in the peel, but less polyphenols were detected in the pulp. The peel of both apples and in both production systems had significantly higher TPC and RSA than the pulp. The peel from integrated apples had higher TPC than the peel from organic apples, while organic apples had higher TAC than the integrated. Sucrose and glucose levels were higher in organic apples; fructose was cultivar dependent while minor sugars were higher in integrated fruits. The most abundant polyphenolic compound in the peel of the tested cultivars was quercetin 3-O-galactoside, while chlorogenic acid was most abundant in the pulp. Reg...arding polyphenols, phloretin, phloridzin, protocatechuic acid, baicalein and naringenin were higher in organic apple, while quercetin 3-O-galactoside, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, chlorogenic acid and syringic acid was higher in integrated fruits. In conclusion, organic ‘Discovery’ and integrated ‘Red Aroma Orelind’ had higher bioavailability of health related compounds from the peel and the pulp.

Keywords:
Norway / phenolics / radical-scavenging activity / sugar profile / total anthocyanin content / total phenolic content
Source:
Sustainability, 2022, 14, 9, 5300-
Funding / projects:
  • Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia, Grant no. 200007 (University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research 'Siniša Stanković') (RS-200007)
  • Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia, Grant no. 200288 (Innovation Center of the Faculty of Chemistry) (RS-200288)
  • Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia, Grant no. 200116 (University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture) (RS-200116)
  • Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia, Grant no. 200168 (University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry) (RS-200168)
  • This study was partly funded by The Research Council of Norway (project No. 280376).

DOI: 10.3390/su14095300

ISSN: 2071-1050

Scopus: 2-s2.0-85129868792
[ Google Scholar ]
URI
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/9/5300
http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6094
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