Competition between Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Ambrosia trifida: Is there a threat of a stronger competitor?
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2021
Authors
Savić, Aleksandra
Oveisi, Mostafa
Božić, Dragana

Pavlović, Danijela

Saulić, Markola
Scharer Muller, Heinz
Vrbničanin, Sava

Article (Published version)

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Recent reports of the presence of Ambrosia trifida (AT) in areas infested by A. artemisiifolia (AA) in Serbia warn of the impending establishment of a more damaging crop weed. Here, we test the potential competitive effects of these two weed species. We conducted a field competition study in 2016 and 2017 as a replacement series experiment arranged in a split plot, with main plots (20.5 m × 2 m) at total plant densities of 10 and 100 plants/m2, and sub-plots (3 m × 2 m) at the proportion of AT to AA of 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80 and 0:100. Individual plant biomass (IPB) for AT was lowest when grown in monoculture, while AA reached its highest IPB in its monoculture. With AT < 40%, the AT IPB was larger than (2017) or the same as AA (2016). With AT > 40%, its IPB decreased due to increased intraspecific competition. We obtained the lowest sub-plot biomass (SPB) of AT + AA in mixtures with 40:60 and 60:40 ratios, and also the highest SPB of other weed species. We show that despite... a larger leaf area, AT may not fully replace AA and thus not become a new threat to crops, as it not only suffers from intraspecific competition at high densities, but also from interspecific competition with AA. Therefore, crops may benefit from a stable coexistence of both species as compared to highly dominant AT or AA. Further studies in the presence of crops are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Keywords:
interspecific competition / intraspecific competition / multispecies competition / plant density ratio / plant invasionSource:
Weed Research, 2021, 61, 4, 298-306Publisher:
- Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Funding / projects:
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia, Grant no. 200010 (Institute for Plant Protection and Environment, Belgrade) (RS-200010)
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia, Grant no. 200116 (University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture) (RS-200116)
DOI: 10.1111/wre.12479
ISSN: 0043-1737