The possibility of coriander seed disinfection with the essential oil of peppermint [Mogućnost dezinfekcije semena korijandera etarskim uljem pitome nane]

Abstract

Seed health testing aims to ensure a healthy crop and to prevent the spread of plant diseases. The need to study and apply both essential oils and plant extracts against seed diseases is growing and becoming more important. Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is an annual herbaceous, aromatic, spicy and medicinal plant from the Apiaceae family, known for its seeds with a characteristic and pleasant odour. In human medicine, coriander is a part of various medicines for the treatment of digestive organs. Phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria are the most common and significant causes of coriander seed disease. The aim of this study was to assess coriander seed health and investigate the possibility of seed disinfection using peppermint (Mentha x piperita) essential oil. The health of the seeds was examined by the filter paper laboratory standard method. Different concentrations (1, 2, 5 and 10%) of peppermint essential oil were used for seed disinfection. The composition of the essential oil was determined by gas chromatographic analysis. The results of seed health analysis showed the presence of a fungus after seven days of incubation in a humid chamber at room temperature. The fungus was identified as Alternaria sp. (sect. Alternaria) based on the symptoms and macroscopic and microscopic features of the fungus (on seed and potato dextrose agar). Immersion treatment of infected seed in peppermint essential oil reduced the presence of Alternaria sp. on coriander seeds. The highest disease inhibition, 69,33%, namely 58,93% without the influence of the emulsifier, was shown by oil solution of 5%. Stagnation in inhibition was observed with a further increase in oil concentration. The results of this study show the possibility of disinfecting coriander seeds with peppermint essential oil to reduce infection with Alternaria sp.