Proučavanje poznih sorti nektarine u gustoj sadnji

Abstract

Ispitivan je uticaj guste sadnje na osobine pet poznih sorti nektarine: Venus, Vinčanka (klon sorte Stark Redgold kasnijeg vremena zrenja), Orion, Morsiani 51 i Vega. Sejanci vinogradske breskve su posađeni na rastojanju 3,5 x 1m (2800 stabala/ha). Kalemljenje je obavljeno na stalnom mestu na visini od 50 cm. U oglednom zasadu je primenjen novi uzgojni oblik, nazvan kosa vođica, koji se karakteriše time da je centralna vođica povijena pod uglom od 25° u odnosu na zamišljenu vertikalu. Ispitivani su parametri bujnosti, prinos, masa i organoleptičke osobine ploda u trogodišnjem periodu. U trećoj godini rodnosti sorte Venus, Vinčanka i Orion su postigle visoke prinose. Manji razmak sadnje je ispoljio negativan uticaj na masu ploda sorti Vega i Max 7, dok su plodovi ostalih sorata bili u kategoriji krupnih plodova. Sistem guste sadnje nije ispoljio negativan efekat na organoleptičke osobine plodova ispitivanih sorata.

The influence of high density planting on the properties of five nectarine cultivars: Venus, Vinčanka (clone of Stark Redgold with later ripening), Orion, Morsiani 51, and Vega, was studied. In high density planting, seedlings of vineyard peach were planted at 3.5 x 1m (2800 trees ha-1) and grafted at the height of 50 cm above ground level. The trees were trained as the Sloping Leader. That is new training system characterized by central leader bended at an angle of 25° with respect to an imaginary vertical axis. The following characteristics were studied: tree vigour, yield, fruit weight, and sensory properties for three consecutive years. A small row spacing had negative influence on yield and fruit weight of nectarine cultivars Morsiani 51 and Vega. High-density planting system did not show negative effects on fruit sensory characteristics. Based on obtained results, studied cultivars can be divided into two groups. The first group consists of cultivars Venus, Orion, and Vinčanka that are suitable for this system of high density planting. The second group consists of cultivars Vega and Morsiani 51, that are less suitable for this system. Further long-term study is required to obtain more reliable conclusions.