Harmful plants in meadow associations of Serbia

Abstract

In this paper results of the analysis of 48 meadow and pasture associations of Serbia deriving from 6 vegetation classes in order to establish the presence of harmful species. In this way possibility for more efficient method of their removal or reduction could be defined. Analysis included plants poisonous to domestic animals or could cause mechanical injuries to livestock, plant species that have harmful affect to the quality of livestock products (meat and milk), also plants not consumed by livestock at all and plants inducing the productivity of useful forage plant species (parasites and semi-parasites). It was established that their participation in meadow associations varies between 5 and 35%. The highest total presence of harmful plants (35%) and highest single presence of poisonous (15%) and slightly poisonous (20%) plants was registered in ass. Festucetum ovinae.

U radu su prikazani rezultati analize 48 livadskih i pašnih zajednica Srbije, iz 6 vegetacijskih klasa, sa ciljem da se u njima utvrdi zastupljenost štetnih vrsta. Time bi se stvorila mogućnost iznalaženja načina za njihovo odstranjivanje ili smanjenje. Analizom su obuhvaćene biljke otrovne po zdravlje domaćih životinja ili nanose mehaničke povrede stoci, vrste koje deluju štetno na kvalitet stočnih proizvoda (pre svega mesa i mleka), zatim biljke koje stoka uopšte ne jede i vrste koje snižavaju produktivnost korisnih krmnih biljaka (paraziti i poluparaziti). Utvrđeno je da u analiziranim zajednicama one participiraju sa 5-35%. Sa najvećim ukupnim učešćem štetnih biljaka (35%) i najvećim pojedinačnim učešćem otrovnih (15%) i slabo otrovnih vrsta (20%) izdvaja se ass. Festucetum ovinae.