Production of table eggs in Serbia: Present situation, current problems and capacity for improvment

Abstract

In the development of the production of table eggs, from the middle of the XX century up until today, very different and contrasting trends can be observed. Firstly, these trends were directed towards achieving the maximum production intensity, which was followed by the introduction and rapid expansion of the use of the conventional cages as a housing system for layers. In just a few decades, the focus has been moved on the welfare of animals, which gave priority to less intensive housing systems. Additionaly, changes in population dietary habits had an effect on the egg production and consumption fluctuations. The changes that took place in the previous period, had reflected on the present state of the production of table eggs, as on the appearence of barriers in the way of its future development. In order to overcome the problems that accompany ban of the conventional battery system for layers and stimulate the production and consumption of eggs, it is necessary to create appropriate economic, infrastructural and other conditions and implement a range of measures which include assistance of government, as well as scientific and professional institutions.

U razvoju proizvodnje konzumnih jaja, od polovine XX veka do danas, mogu se uočiii veoma različita i suprotstavljena kretanja. Najpre su ova kretanja bila usmerena ka postizanju maksimalne intenzivnosti proizvodnje, što je bilo praćeno uvođenjem i brzim ši renjem upotrebe konvencionalnog kaveznog sistema držanja nosilja. Kroz samo nekoiko decenija, fokus je pomeren ka dobrobiti životinja što je prednost dalo manje intenzivnim sistemima držanja. Pored toga, na oscilacije u obimu proizvodnje i potrošnje uticaj su imale ipromene navika u ishrani stanovništva. Promene koje su se dešavale u prethodnom periodu odrazile su se na sadašnje stanje proizvodnje konzumnih jaja, kao i na pojavu barijera na putu njenog budućeg razvoja. U cilju prevaziiaženja problema koj i prate proces napuštanja konvencionalnog baterjskog sistema držanja nosilja i stimulisanja proizvodnje i potrošnje jaja, neophodno je stvoriti odgovarajuće ekonomske, infrastrukturne i druge uslove i sprovesti niz mera koje uključuju rad državnih institucija, kao i naučnih i stručnih ustanova.