Dehydrogenaze polymorphism as a tool for early selection of low vigour rootstock for sweet and sour cherry

Abstract

The correlation of dehydrogenase isoenzyme profile with plant/tree vigour of twenty genotypes belonging to the genus Prunus and the subgenus Cerasus as well as to four commercial rootstocks (Colt, Gisela 5, Gisela 6 and MaxMa 14) was investigated in this study. Principal component analysis was applied for the classification of the cherry rootstocks based on vigour traits and polymorphism of isoenzymes in order to determine the most useful dehydrogenase enzyme in the preselecting process of cherry rootstocks. The most influential variables which led to the separation of low vigorous genotypes from other genotypes were isocitrate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. Since both significant and negative correlations were observed between tree vigour and malate dehydrogenase, as well as between tree vigour and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, those systems can be used for early selection of low vigour rootstocks. Our results suggest that the association between low vigour and malate dehydrogenase genotype ab provides a convenient marker that can be characterised even at the seedling stage, and could be applied in early rootstock selection and breeding programmes.

U radu je ispitivana korelacija između dehidrogenaznih izoenzimskih profila i bujnosti kod 20 genotipova roda Prunus, podroda Cerasus, kao i kod četiri komercijalne podloge: Colt, Gisela 5, Gisela 6 i MaxMa 14. Analiza glavnih komponenti je primenjena kako bi se ocenila potencijalna primena izoenzima za ranu selekciju slabo bujnih podloga za trešnju i višnju. Najveći uticaj na izdvajanje slabo bujnih genotipova imali su izoenzimski sistemi izocitrat dehidrogenaza, malat dehidrogenaza i fosfoglukonat dehidrogenaza. Značajna negativna korelacija utvrđena je između bujnosti i malat dehidrogenaze genotipa ab, kao i između bujnosti i fosfoglukonat dehidrogenaze, što ove sisteme čini potencijalnim markerima za ranu selekciju slabo bujnih podloga.