Dependence of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) fatty acid profile on diet composition in a semi-intensive farming system: tissue and time variability

Abstract

Increasing the amount of n-3 PUFA in carp meat is one of the most important tasks in enhancing its overall quality. However, the relative influence of supplemental feed and natural feed on the FA profile of cultivated carp flesh is not well documented, making it difficult to choose the most efficient strategy. Carp diet composition and diet and flesh fatty acid profiles were simultaneously followed in order to determine the influence of pelleted feed compared to natural feed on fatty acid profiles of carp tissues. Pelleted feed clearly dominated over zooplankton and Chironomidae in the carp diet, producing carp tissue fatty acid profiles closely resembling those of pelleted feed. However, increase in the abundance of zooplankton over the course of the investigation resulting in concomitant increase of its proportion in feed bulk was in strong positive correlation with increase in n-3 HUFA in the dorsal muscle. n-3 PUFA enrichment of supplemental feed could be the dominant mechanism in production of carp meat rich in n-3 PUFA. However, even a small increase in natural feed availability could significantly change the diet of common carp and result in considerable improvement of meat quality with regard to n-3 HUFA content.