Economic aspects of sheep production on family farms on the Pešter plateau

Abstract

Sheep production on the Pešter plateau is mainly traditional and semi-intensive. Sheep are bred in flocks ranging from 50 to 200 head, but there is a small number of growers who grow over 300 head. The aim of this work is to study the economic aspects of sheep production or, in other words, to analyze the revenue and expenses generated by this type of production. The production of sheep cheese and lamb meat are traditional occupations and also the main source of income family farms. This paper presents an analysis of the income and expenses involved in the sale of cheese and lamb meat. The analysis is based on a family farm that has 340 head of Sjenica improved Pramenka breed which at the time of milking provide a sufficient amount of milk to brew 3,000 kg of quality Sjenica sheep cheese. Fertility of the sheep is between 110% and 130%, so that this farm's sheep lamb a total of 400 lambs. A certain number of lambs is left for reconstruction or renewal of the flock, and some are sold as breeding animals or to slaughterhouses.

Ovčarska proizvodnja na Pešterskoj visoravni je uglavnom tradicionalna i poluintenzivna. Ovce se gaje u stadima koja broje od 50 do 200 ovaca, ali je mali broj odgajivača koji gaje preko 300 grla. Cilj ovog rada je proučavanje ekonomskih aspekata ovčarske proizvodnje, odnosno analiza prihoda i troškova koje se ovom proizvodnjom ostvaruju. Proizvodnja ovčijeg sira i jagnjećeg mesa su tradicionalna zanimanja koja predstavljaju osnovni izvor prihoda porodičnih gazdinstava. U radu je prikazana analiza prihoda i troškova koji se ostvaruju od prodaje sira i mesa, na primeru jednog porodičnog gazdinstva koje raspolaže sa 340 grla sjeničke oplemenjene pramenke i koje u periodu muže daju dovoljnu količinu mleka za spravljenje 3.0 kg kvalitetnog sjeničkog ovčijeg sira. Plodnost ovaca je između 110% i 130%, tako da ovce na ovom gazdinstvu ojagnje ukupno 400 jagnjadi. Pored ostavljanja određenog broja jagnjadi za obnovu ili remont stada, jagnjad se prodaju kako priplodna grla, a prodaju se i klanicama.