Bacterial diseases of small grains

Abstract

Sporadic outbreaks of small grain bacterial diseases are recorded in production areas all over the world. The disease severity increases in seasons with abundant rainfall. Spread of the small grain seed market, trade intensity, spread of the production over areas with favorable conditions for the disease development and cultivation of susceptible cultivars also contribute to the disease incidence and intensity. According to the published data, the following bacteria are considered as the most economically important and the most widely spread small grain pathogens: Xanthomonas translucens pvs., as well as pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae species. X. t. pv. translucens is a quarantine pathogen in the EPPO region (A2 list) and Republic of Serbia, while pathovars of P. syringae complex species are recorded in almost all temperate and subtropical regions of small grain cultivation in the world.

Simptomi oboljenja bakteriozne prirode sporadično se uočavaju u raznim regionima proizvodnje strnih žita u svetu. Njihov intenzitet i učestalost raste u godinama sa puno padavina, a ovome takođe doprinose povećan intenzitet trgovine semenom, širenje proizvodnje u područja sa pogodnim uslovima za razvoj bolesti i gajenje osetljivih sorti. Prema dosadašnjim podacima, smatra se da su na strnim žitima ekonomski najznačajniji i najrasprostranjeniji patogeni varijeteti vrste Xanthomonas translucens kao i patogeni varijeteti zbirne vrste Pseudomonas syringae. X. t. pv. translucens je karantinski patogen za region Evropske Organizacije za zaštitu bilja (A2 lista, European Plant Protection Organization - EPPO) i Republiku Srbiju, dok su patogeni varijeteti zbirne vrste P. syringae zabeleženi u skoro svim umerenim i subtropskim regionima proizvodnje strnih žita u svetu.