Production capacity of family farms in Serbia and EU countries

Abstract

The analysis of the production capacities of family farms holds an important place in an effort to perceive the economic and social factors which are important for their development. The agriculture of the Republic of Serbia and the agricultures of the countries in the region have a similar trait consisted in the participation of a large number of small estate farms. The ownership structure of family farms is one of the key factors of agricultural business efficiency. In the conditions of small-estate ownership structure, small farm area is a limiting factor in the application of contemporary agrotechnical measures. Apart from crop production, livestock fund has also had negative results per hectare of used area in the process of transition in the Republic of Serbia. It is reflected on the low level of agricultural productivity, as well as on the negative financial results of the farms. The paper provides a comparison between the family farms production capacities and the EU-28 countries, in order to be able to take necessary and timely measures and to reform and structurally adjust the agrarian sector to the demands of the EU.

U sagledavanju ekonomskih i socijalnih faktora bitnih za razvoj porodičnih gazdinstava od posebnog značaja je analiza njihovih proizvodnih kapaciteta. Poljoprivreda Republike Srbije i poljoprivreda zemalja u okruženju imaju zajedničko svojstvo koje se ogleda u učešću velikog broja gazdinstava sa malim posedom. Posedovna struktura gazdinstava je jedan od ključnih faktora efikasnosti poslovanja poljoprivrede. U uslovima sitnosopstveničke strukture, mala veličina poseda je ograničavajući faktor u primeni savremenih agrotehničkih mera. Pored biljne proizvodnje u procesu tranzicije Republike Srbije, i stočni fond beleži negativne rezultate po hektaru korišćene površine. To se odražava na nizak nivo produktivnosti poljoprivredne proizvodnje, kao i negativno na finansijski rezultat gazdinstva. U radu je upoređivan proizvodni kapacitet porodičnih gazdinstava sa zemljama EU-28 kako bi se na vreme preuzele neophodne mere i sektor agrara reformisao i strukturno prilagodio zahtevima EU.