The effects of some microelements supplementation: Selenium, zinc and copper into dairy cows feeds on their health and reproductive performances

Abstract

Microelements such as selenium, zinc and copper are indispensable nutrients for preserving major physiological functions, improving reproductive characteristics and overall health state. By their adequate use different ailments are prevented, while at the same time they have a positive effect on fertility and resistance. Insufficient quantities of these microelements, inadequate absorption and interaction with other microelements may lead to the impairment of the immune response due to metabolic and oxidative stress. In recent years, mainly organic forms of microelements have been administered to animals because they show better biological availability and can be retained longer in the organism. Besides, organic forms improve quality of products for human nutrition. Antioxidants should be added in optimal quantities in food for dairy cows with the aim of maximizing immune function and protection of tissues.

Mikroelementi selen, cink i bakar su neophodni nutrijenti za očuvanje osnovnih fizioloških funkcija, zdravlja i poboljšanje reproduktivnih karakteristika. Njihovom adekvatnom primenom preveniraju se različita oboljenja, a istovremeno pozitivno utiče na fertilitet i otpornost. Nedovoljna količina ovih mikroelemenata u obroku, neadekvatna apsorpcija i interakcija sa drugim mikroelementima, mogu dovesti do slabljenja imunskog odgovora usled metaboličkog i oksidativnog stresa. Poslednjih godina, uglavnom se daju organske forme mikroelemenata, jer imaju bolju biološku raspoloživost i duže se zadržavaju u organizmu. Pored toga, organske forme poboljšavaju kvalitet proizvoda namenjenih za ishranu ljudi. Antioksidanse treba dodavati u optimalnim količinama u hranu za mlečne krave u cilju maksimiziranja imunske funkcije i zaštite tkiva.