Failures in conveying hygienic procedures during milking of cows

Abstract

Milk presents very convenient environment for multiplying of microorganisms from the surroundings or from udder itself. To obtain milk correct in hygienic sense, except health milk glands, environmental factors which could contribute to additional milk contamination are important too. Failures in hygiene of milk, milkmen, milking environment or milking machines, as well as their technical accuracy, have primary importance in occurrence of udder diseases and therefore in milk quality too. In this paper, the mentioned factors were examined on the farm with free keeping of cows, where they were milked in a milking parlour. Results obtained by the observation and estimation of corresponding procedures are satisfactory on the whole, but correction of the existing failures could contribute to better health condition of udder, better production results and improvement of hygienic quality of milk.

Mleko predstavlja veoma povoljnu sredinu za razmnožavanje mikroorganizama poreklom iz spoljne sredine ili iz samog vimena. Za dobijanje higijenski ispravnog mleka, osim zdrave mlečne žlezde, važni su i faktori spoljne sredine, koji mogu da doprinesu naknadnoj kontaminaciji mleka. Propusti u higijeni muže, muzača, sredine u kojoj se obavlja muža i aparata za mužu kao i njihova tehnička ispravnost, imaju primaran značaj u nastanku oboljenja vimena a odatle i na kvalitet mleka. U ovom radu su pomenuti faktori ispitivani na farmi sa slobodnim držanjem krava, gde se muža obavlja u izmuzištu. Rezultati dobijeni posmatranjem i bodovanjem odgovarajućih postupaka su u celini zadovoljavajući, iako postoje propusti čijom bi se korekcijom moglo doprineti boljem zdravstvenom stanju vimena, boljim proizvodnim rezultatima i poboljšanju higijenske ispravnosti mleka.