Application of organomineral fertilizers enriched by clinoptilolite in voluminous forage production

Abstract

The zeolitic tuff (Zlatokop deposit, Vranjska Banja, Serbia) containing 70% of clinoptilolite was used as a manure additive in this work. Clinoptilolite as a binding agent can be “carrier” of ammonia ion. In the present study, cattle manure enriched with clinoptilolite was applied as an organomineral fertilizer. The experiment was carried out on a natural pasture in period 2012-14 in Western Serbia. It included five different treatments: a) control without fertilizer; b) pure fermented cattle manure (30 t ha-1); c) organomineral fertilizer (30 t ha-1 cattle manure +10 wt.% zeolite); d) pure zeolite (3 t ha-1); and e) nitrogen application by mineral fertilizer, 50 kg ha-1 N in the first year and 30 kg ha-1 N in the second year. The fertilizers were applied in autumn, except mineral fertilizer which was applied in spring. The dry matter (DM) contents and the botanical compositions of forage were estimated for two years. Treatments with manure, organomineral fertilizer and mineral N application gave higher DM yield compared to control plots, and changes have been reflected on pasture composition, which affected forage quality.

U radu je korišćen prirodni zeolitski tuf (sa kopa Zlatokop, Vranjska Banja, koji sadrži 70% zeolita klinoptilolita) kao dodatak svežem stajnjaku. Klinoptilolit se zbog velikog afiniteta za vezivanje amonijaka može koristiti kao njegov “nosač”. Po dodavanju zeolitskog tufa svežem stajnjaku i posle fermentacije (zrenja) ovog kompleksa dobijeno je organomineralno đubrivo koje je tokom ispitivanja (2012-2014) primenjivano na pašnjaku u zapadnoj Srbiji. Primenjeno je 5 tretmana: kontrola bez đubrenja, zeolit u količini 3 t ha-1, zreo stajnjak u kolicini od 30 t ha-1 i zreo stajnjak izmešan sa zeolitom u kolicini 30 t ha- !+10% zeolit, kao i mineralno azotno đubrivo KAN u količini od 50 kg N ha-1 prve godine i 30 kg N ha-1 druge godine. Đubrenje je obavljeno u jesen, a prihrana mineralnim đubrivom u proleće. Praćen je prinos i botanički sastav naredne dve vegatacione sezone. Prinos krme je rastao u odnosu na kontrolu pri đubrenju stajnjakom, stajnjakom sa zeolitom i KAN-om; a promene su se odrazile i na botanički sastav pašnjaka, što je uticalo na kvalitet dobijene krme.