The impact of genotype, gender and duration of fattening on the efficiency of production of turkey meat

Abstract

The main goal of this work was comparative testing of fattening (body weight - gain, consumption - feed conversion and mortality) and classical (meat yield, warm and chilled carcasses, classical carcass yield - “prepared for the grill”) characteristics of two line hybrids of turkey (Hybrid Converter and Nicholas) fattened up to ten weeks (male and female specimens), i.e. up to 12, 14, 16 and 18 weeks of age (male specimens). Male specimens in relation to females had a higher growth, so that at the end of the tenth week of age average weight of male broilers was 5.22 kg (Hybrid Converter) and 4.64 kg (Nicholas). With eighteen weeks, average weight of males was 12.80 kg (Hybrid Converter) and 13.44 kg (Nicholas). Mortality till the tenth week of age (both genders of turkeys) was 5.07% (Hybrid Converter) and 4.17% (Nicholas). From the tenth to the eighteenth week of age mortality of males was 9.02% (Hybrid Converter) and 12.31% (Nicholas). Feed conversion to the tenth week of age to turkeys of the both genders was 2.47 kg (Hybrid Converter) and 2.49 kg (Nicholas). From the tenth to the eighteenth week of age feed conversion to the males was 3.72 kg (Hybrid Converter) and 3.82 kg (Nicholas). To the both hybrids of turkey, male specimens had statistically significant (P lt 0.05) lower yield of meat of warm and chilled carcasses, (carcass yield) at the age of ten weeks. Then, carcasses yield of the both sexes Hybrid Converter in relation to Nicholas was statistically significant lower (P lt 0.05). Therewith, yield of warm carcasses of males was statistically significant (P lt 0.05) lower to the hybrid Hybrid Converter in relation to the Nicholas at each age (12th, 16th, and 18th week), except 14th week because determined difference (-0.63%) wasn’t statistically confirmed (P>0.05). Similar statistical significance had been determined to the yield of chilled carcasses.

Osnovni cilj ovog rada je bio uporedno ispitivanje tovnih (telesna masa - prirast, utrošak - konverzija hrane i mortalitet) i klaničnih (prinos mesa toplih i ohlađenih trupova - klanicni randman “spremno za roštilj”) osobina dva linijska hibrida ćuraka (Hybrid Converter i Nicholas) tovljenih do 10 nedelja (muška i ženska grla), odnosno 12, 14, 16 i 18 nedelja starosti (muška grla). Muška grla, u odnosu na ženska, su imala veći prirast, tako da je na kraju 10. nedelje starosti prosecna masa muških brojlera iznosila 5,22 kg (Hybrid Converter) i 5,75 kg (Nicholas), a ženskih 4,67 kg (Hybrid Converter) i 4,64 kg (Nicholas). Sa 18 nedelja prosecna masa muških grla iznosila je 12,80 kg (Hybrid Converter) i 13,44 kg (Nicholas). Mortalitet do 10. nedelje starosti (oba pola ćuraka) iznosio je 5,07% (Hybrid Converter) i 4,17% (Nicholas). Od 10. do 18. nedelje starosti mortalitet muških grla iznosio je 9,02%o (Hybrid Converter) i 12,31%o (Nicholas). Konverzija hrane do 10. nedelje starosti brojlera oba pola iznosila je 2,47 kg (Hybrid Converter) i 2,49 kg (Nicholas). Od 10. do 18. nedelje konverzija hrane kod muških grla iznosila je 3,72 kg (Hybrid Converter) i 3,82 kg (Nicholas). Kod oba hibrida ćuraka muška grla su imala statistički značajno (P lt 0,05) manji prinos mesa toplih i ohlađenih trupova (klanični randman) pri starosti 10 nedelja. Prinos trupova oba pola brojlera Hybrid Converter u odnosu na Nicholas je bio statistički signifikantno manji (P lt 0,05). Pored toga, prinos toplih trupova muških grla je bio statistički signifikantno (P lt 0,05) manji kod hibrida Hybrid Converter, u odnosu na Nicholas, pri svakoj starosti (12., 16. i 18. nedelji), osim 14. nedelje, jer utvrđena razlika (-0,63%o) nije statistički potvrđena (P>0,05). Slična statistička značajnost utvrđena je i kod prinosa ohlađenih trupova.