DEA ranking of municipalities of the Republic of Serbia based on efficiency of SMEs in agribusiness

Abstract

The most important aspect of any business is efficiency. The goal is to achieve a greater output results using less inputs, i.e. to maximize the use of available inputs. Numerous mathematical and statistical procedures, such as DEA technique (Data Envelopment Analysis), take an important place in the process of the effective management of the company and its business activities. This paper illustrated the application of DEA technique in assessing the business efficiency of SMEs in agribusiness in Vojvodina Measuring the efficiency of business operations of SMEs is based on the values of the following indicators: fixed assets, working capital, number of companies, number of employees, total income, profit and loss. The data used to calculate the values of indicators of business efficiency were obtained from the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, based on the annual accounts of SMEs in agribusiness for four-year average (2008-2011). The aim of this paper is statistical assessment of business efficiency of SMEs in agribusiness using DEA technique, and then, based on the results obtained, to perform the ranking of Vojvodina municipalities in which observed SMEs were located, and finally, based on 4 models, to show sensitivity of DEA technique compared to different combination of input / output indicators, so therefore, caution is needed when this method is used. If the combination of parameters in the model is better, the results are more realistic, since if a key parameter is omitted, wrong decisions could be made.

Najvažniji aspekt svakog poslovanja jeste efikasnost. Cilj je da se uz što manje ulaze postignu što veći izlazni rezultati, tj. raspoloživi ulazi maksimalno iskoriste. Brojne matematičko-statističke procedure, poput tehnike DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) analize, zauzimaju značajno mesto u procesu merenja efikasnog upravljanja preduzećima i njegovim aktivnostima. U radu je ilustrovana primena DEA tehnike u oceni efikasnosti poslovanja MSP u agrobiznisu u Vojvodine. Merenje efikasnosti poslovanja malih i srednjih preduzeća se zasniva na vrednostima sledećih pokazatelja: stal na imovina, obrtna sredstva, broj firmi, broj zaposlenih, ukupan prihod, dobit i gubitak. Podaci koji se koriste za izračunavanje vrednosti pokazatelja efikasnosti poslovanja dobijeni su iz Zavoda za Statistiku, a na osnovu završnih računa MSP u agrobiznisu za četvrogodišnji prosek (2008-2011 god.). Cilj istraživanja ovog rada je, najpre statističko ocenjivanje efikasnosti poslovanja MSP u agrobiznisu primenom DEA tehnike, a zatim da se na osnovu dobijenih rezultata izvrši rangiranje opština Vojvodine kojima pripadaju posmatrana MSP i najzad da se na osnovu 4 modela pokaže koliko je DEA tehnika osetljiva metodologija na promenu kombinacija ulazno/izlaznih indikatora, zbog čega se mora biti vrlo obazriv u primeni iste. Što je kombinacija parametara u modelu bolja to su i rezultati realniji, jer ako se izostavi neki ključan parametar mogu se doneti pogrešne odluke.