New accounting rules for the recognition and measurement of financial instruments: Some issues implied by the IFRS 9

Abstract

Up until now accounting standards regarding financial instruments were changed several times. The latest change was the issuance of the IFRS 9 Financial instruments published for the purpose of simplifying the rules in its predecessor IAS 39 Financial instruments: recognition and measurement. From the above mentioned changes of accounting regulatory regime for financial instruments we may conclude that accounting bodies, so far, have not found the adequate approach and treatment for the financial instruments. They considered that fair value would be a revolutionary measure for the financial instruments and that this measure would provide more relevant, transparent and comparable information. But the standard setters did not predict that this measurement attribute might have an effect on earnings power and financial position of a company. In this paper we observe critiqually the main differences between IFRS 9 and IAS 39 regarding the recognition and measurement of financial instruments and with an emphasis on of some problems of early adoption of IFRS 9 by companies.

Računovodstveni standardi vezani za finansijske instrumente menjani su nekoliko puta do sada. Najskorija promena ove vrste bila je publikovanje standarda pod nazivom MSFI 9 Finansijski instrumenti čija je svrha bila da zameni prethodni standard MRS 39 i da pojednostavi računovodstveni tretman finansijskih instrumenata. Ove česte promene navode na razmišljanje da je problematika finansijskih instrumenata veoma složena, te da donosioci standarda i regulatorna tela još uvek nisu pronašla odgovarajući tretman za finansijske instrumente. Iako su računovodstvena tela smatrala da je primena fer vrednosti za finansijske instrumente dovela do revolucije u računovodstvu, zato što produkuje transparentnu, relevantnu i uporedivu računovodstvenu informaciju, ipak nisu mogli da predvide kakve će promene fer vrednost imati na zarađivačku moć i finansijsku poziciju kompanije. U ovom članku dali smo kritički osvrt na glavne razlike između MSFI 9 i MRS 39 vezano za vrednovanje i priznavanje finansijskih instrumenata sa posebnim akcentom na neke probleme rane primene ovog standarda koji očekuju kompanije.