The effect of growing regions, microbiological fertilizers and soil additives on productivity of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

Abstract

This study was aimed at investigating the productivity of buckwheat taking into account growing regions, especially altitude, since this species does not have demanding soil requirements. The experiments were conducted during 2009 and 2010 in two localities: Valjevo (the village of Jasenica at 300 m altitude - 2009 and the village of Jovanja at 160 m altitude - 2010), and Nova Varos (the village of Radijevići at 1,065 m altitude). Soil of the experimental plots at both localities was characterized by acidic chemical reactions, with 3-5% of humus. In addition, the soil was rich in potassium, but poor in phosphorus. Within the objective test, with four replications, microbiological fertilizers Bactofil and Slavol were applied just before planting, alone or in combination with soil additives (hydrogel and zeolite). Half of each plot was fertilized foliarly, by the application of microbiological fertilizer Slavol using the concentrations of 50 ml per 10 liters of water. As compared with the control (no fertilizer application), in all variants of fertilization with a top dressing, increased grain yields were obtained. Significantly higher grain yields of buckwheat were obtained in the first locality, especially in the variant of fertilization with the combined use of Slavol and soil conditioner hydrogel.

U ovom radu ispitivana je produktivnost heljde u zavisnosti od lokaliteta gajenja, prvenstveno nadmorske visine, kao i od primene mikrobioloških đubriva i oplemenjivača zemljišta. Ogledi su izvedeni tokom 2009. i 2010. godine na dva lokaliteta: u ravničarskom lokalitetu Valjeva (u 2009. godini, selo Jasenica koje se nalazi na 300 m nadmorske visine i u 2010. godini, selo Jovanja na 160 m nadmorske visine) i brdsko-planinskom lokalitetu Nova Varoš (selo Radijevići, na 1.065 m nadmorske visine). Zemljište na oglednim parcelama u oba lokaliteta je bilo kisele hemijske reakcije, sa 3-5% humusa, slabo obezbeđeno pristupačnim fosforom i dobro obezbeđeno kalijumom. U okviru cilja ispitivanja, u četiri ponavljanja, na ispitivanim lokalitetima primenjena su mikrobiološka đubriva Baktofil i Slavol neposredno pred setvu, samostalno ili u kombinaciji sa oplemenjivačima zemljišta (hidrogel i zeolit). Polovina svake elementarne parcele bila je prihranjena folijarno, mikrobiološkim đubrivom, Slavolom u koncentraciji od 50 ml na 10 l vode. U odnosu na kontrolnu varijantu (bez primene đubriva), u svim varijantama đubrenja sa prihranjivanjem su dobijeni veći prinosi zrna. Značajno veći prinosi zrna heljde su dobijeni na prvom lokalitetu, posebno u varijanti kombinovane primene Slavola i oplemenjivača zemljišta hidrogel.