The importance of clusters as drivers of competitive advantage of companies

Abstract

Competitive advantage is the main indicator of quality and successful positioning of a company. It stems from the existence of distinctive competence and is seen as a result of a good strategy. As such, it determines which company will be successful in the global competition as well as which company will convert threats, brought by the turbulent environment, into opportunities. One way to create and improve competitiveness is to connect companies in clusters. Clusters, as a form of local association of companies, encourage innovation, productivity, more efficient use of limited resources, creation and expansion of new competencies, and create value for all their participants. Based on different connections, they enhance not only the competitive advantage of companies but also the competitiveness of the national economy.

Konkurentska prednost je glavni indikator kvaliteta poslovanja i uspešnog pozicioniranja preduzeća. Ona proističe iz postojanja distinktivne kompetentnosti i javlja se kao rezultat dobre strategije. Kao takva, opredeljuje koja preduzeća će biti uspešnija u globalnoj tržišnoj utakmici i koja će pretnje koje sa sobom nosi turbulentno okruženje pretvarati u šanse. Jedan od načina za stvaranje i unapređenje konkurentske prednosti je i povezivanje preduzeća u klastere. Klasteri kao vid lokacijskog udruživanja preduzeća, podstiču inovativnost, produktivnost, efikasniju upotrebu ograničenih resursa, kreiranje i širenje novih kompetencija, kao i stvaranje vrednosti za sve učesnike u istom. Po osnovu različitih veza u klasteru, unapređuje se konkurentska prednost preduzeća, ali i nacionalne ekonomije.