The influence of slope planting trees and modifications to growing form on productivity properties of apple cultivars

Abstract

This study examines influence of slope planting apple trees and bending central leader, on generative potential and productivity properties of three cultivars ‘Scarlet Spur’, ‘Galaxy’ and ‘Tentation’, on conditions of Obrenovacka Posavina area (2010-2011). Ap­ple trees of same cultivars in standard slender spindle form are used as control. The study include number of flower buds per three, number of flowers per three, number of fruits per tree, percentage of fruit set, fruit weight and yield per tree and per hectare. The treatment and control trees did not show statistically significant differences in the generative potential, but all the cultivars achieved best performances in the treatment of slope planting trees with the bent central leader. This result was achieved by increasing tree density per unit area, but due to the modification of the training system. Absolutely the highest average fruit yield in this treatment was recorded in cultivar ‘Tentation’ (81.7 t ha-1).

U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja uticaja kose sadnje vitkog vretena i povijanja vodice stabala jabuke, na generativni potencijal i proizvodna svojstva tri sorte ove vrste voćaka - Scarlet Spur, Galaxy i Tentation - u uslovima Obrenovačke Posavine (2010-2011). Kao kontrolna varijanta korišćen je standardni zasad istih sorti jabuke sa vertikalno posađenim stablima oblikovanim u formi vitkog vretena. Od pokazatelja vegetativnog potencijala i proizvodnih svojstava sorti u ogledu su praćeni: broj cvetnih pupoljaka po stablu, broj cvetova po stablu, broj plodova po stablu, procenat oplodnje, masa ploda i prinosi po stablu i hektaru zasada. Stabla tretmana i kontrole nisu iskazala statistički značajne razlike u generativnom potencijalu, ali su sve ispitivane sorte najbolji proizvodni rezultat ostvarile u tretmanu kose sadnje stabala sa povijenom vodicom. Ovaj rezultat je postignut zahvaljujući većem broju stabala po jedinici površine, ali zahvaljujući i modifikovanju uzgojnog oblika. Apsolutno najveći prosečan prinos plodova u ovom tretmanu zabeležen je kod sorte Tentation od 81,7 t ha-1.