Impact of varieties and training systems on energy potential of pruning residues from fruit and vine production

Abstract

Biomass resulting from agricultural production represents potential which can be used in multiple ways. The expansion of fruit-growing and viticulture in Serbia in recent years contributes to an even larger quantities of pruning residues. Long-standing practice of destroying and burning of the pruning residues hardly changed, but the energy and environmental indicators point to the importance of proper exploitation of this biomass. The aim of this study is to show the quantity and energy value of tree branches from fruitgrowing and viticulture as fuel, as well as the influence of different fruit types and vine varieties and training systems on energy potential. The apple sort Idared has the highest values of thermal power per mass unit (19.853 kJ kg-1) and the peach sort Redheven has the highest value of thermal power per area unit (974,78 GJ ha-1). The grapevine lags behind other sorts of fruit have significantly less thermal power per unit, but the calorific value per unit mass ranges within the limits of 17,300 ± 100 kJ kg-1.

Biomasa iz poljoprivredne proizvodnje, predstavlja nedovoljno iskorišćen potencijal. Ekspanzija voćarske i vinogradarske proizvodnje u Srbiji, poslednjih godina, doprinosi stvaranju ogromnih količina rezidbenih ostataka. Dugogodišnja praksa uništavanja i spaljivanja rezidbenih ostataka se polako menja, ali energetski i ekološki pokazatelji ukazuju na značaj pravilnog korišćenja ove biomase. Cilj ovog rada je da prikaže količine i energetsku vrednost rezidbenih ostataka iz voćarske i vinogradarske proizvodnje, kao i uticaj različitih voćnih vrsta, sorti vinove loze i uzgojnih oblika na energetski potencijal. Najveću toplotnu moć po jedinici mase ustanovljeno je kod jabuke sorte Ajdared (19.853 kJ kg-1), a najveću toplotnu moć po jedinici površine ostvarena je kod breskve, sorte Redheven (974,78 GJ ha-1). Vinova loza u odnosu na voćne vrste ima značajno manju toplotnu moć po jedinici površine, dok se toplotna moć po jedinici mase kreće oko 17.300 ± 100 kJ kg-1.