Influence the rotary tiller rotor rotation direction on soil tillage ecological aspects

Abstract

Influence the direction rotor rotary tiller on the ecological aspects of soil tillage was investigated under field conditions. Quality of soil tillage was determined by measuring the bulk density and the structure coefficient. Bulk density the tilled soil ranged from 1.015 to 1.186 g/cm3 at stubble field, 0.990 to 1.151 g/cm3 at soybean field and 0.995 to 1.066 g/cm3 at ploughed field. For conventional rotor rotation direction measured significantly lower values of bulk density at 5-10 cm depth testing done on soybean field. The lower value of bulk density in conventional rotor rotation direction result of excessive fragmentation of soil in greater depth. Soil tillage was a statistically significant increase in the value of the structure coefficient. After soil tillage, the structure coefficient values ranged from 0.68 to 2.22 at stubble field, 0.78 to 1.84 at soybean field and 1.16 to 2.64 at ploughed field. The higher the value of the structure coefficient represents higher quality of soil cultivation. In the case of reverse rotor rotation direction, measured significantly higher structure coefficient values compared to conventional rotor rotation direction.

Uticaj smera obrtanja rotora rotacione sitnilice na ekološke aspekte obrade zemljišta ispitivan je u poljskim uslovima. Kvalitet obrade zemljišta određen je merenjem zapreminske mase i koeficijenta strukturnosti zemljišta. Zapreminska masa na obrađenom zemljištu kretala se u granicama 1,015-1,186 g/cm3 na strništu, 0,990-1,151 g/cm3 na sojištu i 0,995-1,066 g/cm3 na oranom zemljištu. Za istosmerno obrtanje rotora izmerene su statistički značajno niže vrednosti zapreminske mase na dubini 5-10 cm za ispitivanje izvedeno na sojištu. Niža vrednost zapreminske mase zemljišta pri istosmernom obrtanju posledica je prekomernog usitnjavanja zemljišta na većoj dubini. Obradom zemljišta došlo je do statistički značajnog povećanja vrednosti koeficijenta strukturnosti zemljišta. Nakon obrade zemljišta vrednosti koeficijenta strukturnosti kretale su se u granicama 0,68-2,22 na strništu, 0,78-1,84 na sojištu i 1,16-2,64 na oranom zemljištu. Viša vrednost koeficijenta strukturnosti predstavlja viši kvalitet obrade zemljišta. Pri suprotnosmernom obrtanju rotora, izmerene su statistički značajno više vrednosti koeficijenta strukturnosti u odnosu na istosmerno obrtanje rotora.