Productivity of sweet cherry cultivars on Gisela 5 rootstock

Abstract

The paper presents the elements of productivity of sweet cherry cultivars grown in the region of Sabac in the period of four years (2008-2011). We examined 16 relatively new cultivars: ‘Chelan’, ‘Cristalina’, ‘Early Lory’, ‘Early Star’, ‘Glacier’, ‘Kordia’, ‘Noir de Meched’, ‘Penny’, ‘Regina’, ‘Skeena’, ‘Summer Sun’, ‘Summit’, ‘Sunburst’, ‘Sylvia’, ‘Tehranivee’, and ‘Vandalay’. The control cultivar for comparison was ‘Van’. All cultivars are grafted on the Gisela 5 rootstock. Training system is Slender Spindle, and tree spacing is 4 x 1.5 m. Studies have included: number of flowers in an inflorescence, fruit set, fruit weight, yield per tree, and cumulative yield efficiency. The average number of flowers per inflorescence varied from 2.08 in cultivar ‘Skeena’ to 3.17 in cultivar ‘Cristalina’. Fruit set ranged from 23.1% (‘Summit’) to 62.8% (‘Glacier’). Four cultivars had significantly higher fruit set than the control (‘Van’) and they are: ‘Glacier’, ‘Vandalay’, ‘Summer Sun’, and ‘Regina’. Fruit weight was lowest in cultivar ‘Vandalay’ (5.8 g), and highest in cultivar ‘Penny’ (10.2 g). Significantly higher fruit weight than the control had eight cultivars (‘Penny’, ‘Summit’, ‘Cristalina’, ‘Noir de Meched’, ‘Sunburst’, ‘Kordia’, ‘Skeena’, and ‘Sylvia’), while significantly lower fruit weight was found only in one cultivar (‘Vandalay’). The average yield per tree was lowest in cultivar ‘Skeena’ (2.68 kg), and highest in ‘Regina’ (7.38 kg). Significantly higher yield than control cultivar had only ‘Regina’, while lower yield had five cultivars (‘Skeena’, ‘Noir de Meched’, ‘Tehranivee’, ‘Sylvia’, and ‘Summit’). Cumulative yield efficiency varied from 0.23 to 0.66 kg cm-2 of trunk cross-sectional area. This parameter was at the level of control in three cultivars (‘Sunburst’, ‘Glacier’, and ‘Regina’), while in other cultivars it was significantly lower.

Proučavani su elementi rodnosti 16 novijih sorti trešnje kalemljenih na podlozi Gisela 5 na području Sapca u periodu od četiri godine (2008-2011. godina). Kao standard je uzeta sorta Van. Istraživanja su obuhvatala: broj cvetova u cvasti, zametanje plodova, masu ploda, prinos po stablu i kumulativnu efikasnost prinosa. U odnosu na standard sortu, četiri sorte su imale značajno veće zametanje plodova: Glacier, Vandalay, Summer Sun i Regina. Značajno veću masu ploda imalo je osam sorti (Penny, Summit, Cristalina, Noir de Meched, Sunburst, Kordia, Skeena i Sylvia), dok je značajno manju masu ploda imala samo jedna sorta (Vandalay). Statistički značajno veći prinos imala je samo sorta Regina, dok je manji prinos imalo pet sorti (Skeena, Noir de Meched, Tehranivee, Sylvia i Summit). Kumulativna efikasnost prinosa kod tri sorte (Sunburst, Glacier i Regina) je bila na nivou standard sorte, dok je kod ostalih sorti ona bila značajno niža.