The influence of high density planting on the quality characteristics of peach and nectarine cultivars

Abstract

The influence of three different planting densities on the quality characteristics of peach cultivars ‘Autumn Glo’, ‘Early O’Henry’ and ‘Sunprince’, and nectarine cultivars ‘Stark Redgold’ and ‘Max 7’ were studied. In high density planting, seedlings of vineyard peach were planted at 3.5 x 1 m (2,800 trees ha-1) and grafted a fixed place on 50 cm height. The trees were trained as a Sloping Leader. In standard experimental plot, one- year old peach trees were planted. Applied training systems were Fusseto (4 x 2 m - 1,250 trees ha-1) and Open Vase (4 x 4 m - 625 trees ha-1). The following characteristics were studied: physical, organoleptic and chemical properties for three consecutive years. A small row spacing displayed negative influence on peach fruit weight of ‘Early O’Henry’ and ‘Sunprince’ and nectarine ‘Max 7’, while fruits of the cultivars ‘Autumn Glo’ and ‘Stark Redgold’ had identical fruit weight in all row spacing. High-density planting sys­tem did not demonstrate negative effects on fruit organoleptic and chemical properties. Obtained results on the influence of high density on fruit weight and attractiveness were pointed out importance of cultivar characteristics. Based on this fact cultivars can be divided into two groups: one are suitable and other that can’t be recommendable for high density plantings. In order to select suitable cultivars for this system, it is necessary to evaluate more cultivars in the same experimental field of high density planting.

Ispitivan je uticaj guste sadnje na kvalitet ploda sorti breskve Autumn Glo, Early O’Henry i Sunprince i nektarine Vinčanka i Max 7. U gustoj sadnji, sejanci vinogradske breskve su posadeni na rastojanju 3,5 x 1 m (2.800 st/ha). Kalemljenje je obavljeno na stalnom mestu na visini od 50 cm a stabla su formirana u obliku kose vodice. Standardni deo ogleda je podignut sa klasičnim sadnicama i gajen u uzgojnom obliku fuzeto (4 x 2 m - 1.250 st/ha ) i kotlasta kruna ( 4 x 4 m - 625 stiha). Ispitivane su fizičke, organoleptičke i hemijske osobine ploda u trogodišnjem periodu. Manji razmak sadnje je ispoljio negativan uticaj na masu ploda sorti breskve Early O’Henry i Sunprince i nektarine Max 7, dok su plodovi sorti Autumn Glo i Stark Redgold imali ujednačenu masu ploda na stablima u svim razmacima sadnje. Sistem guste sadnje nije ispoljio negativan efekat na organoleptičke i hemijske osobine plodova ispitivanih sorata.