Agro-ecological conditions and morphoproductive properties of spelt wheat

Abstract

Experiments were conducted during 2011-2012, at three localities in Serbia (Valjevo, Nova Varoš and Nova Pazova). The seed of spelt wheat cultivar Nirvana was used, having been selected at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. The objective of the research was to assess the effect of agro-ecological conditions on morphological and productive properties of spelt wheat grown on different types of soils. The effect of the locality was significantly expressed in all tested morphological properties of spelt wheat (plant height, number of spikelets, number of grains per spikelet), while meteorological conditions (year) affected spike length and grain mass per spike significantly. The average grain yield from all three localities was 3.20 t ha-1. A considerably higher yield was achieved on chernozem, locality Nova Pazova (3.89 t ha-1). The comparison of the grain yields from Valjevo (eutric cambisol) and Nova Varoš (grey forest soil) did not show any significant differences.

Ispitivanja su sprovedena tokom 2011-2012 godine, na tri lokaliteta u Srbiji (Valjevo, Nova Varoš i Nova Pazova). Korišćeno je seme krupnika sorte Nirvana, selekcionisana u Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se oceni uticaj agroekoloških uslova na morfološke i produktivne osobine pod različitim tipovima plodnosti zemljišta. Uticaj lokaliteta značajno se ispoljio kod svih ispitivanih morfoloških osobina krupnika (visina biljke, broj klasića, broj zrna u klasiću), a meteorološki uslovi (godina) su značajno uticali na dužinu klasa i masu zrna u klasu. Prosečan prinos zrna krupnika na sva tri lokaliteta iznosio je 3,20 t ha-1. Značajno veći prinos ostvaren je na černozemu, lokalitet Nova Pazova (3,89 t ha-1). Poređenjem prinosa zrna na lokalitetima Valjevo (gajnjača) i Nova Varoš (sivo šumsko zemljište) nisu utvrđene značajne razlike.