The importance of supplement feed pheasants and hares for reproductive performance and hunted weight

Abstract

In this review paper has been shown how the specific nutrition of brown hare and pheasant, forms and procedures of supplement, and their impact on reproductive performance and weight of the hunted species. Pheasant use of nutrients in the diet of vegetable and animal origin. Food of animal origin (mainly insects) participate in the meal to 80% of offspring, and in serving adults with 20-30%. Nutrition brown hare as expressive herbivore is based on wild plant species and crop cultures. Previous studies indicate that in rural areas about 50% rabbit diet consists only 2-3 plant species, where winter wheat is dominated by green. Supplementary feeding wildlife involves not only planning and food intake in open hunting areas during the winter, but the use of crops throughout the year. The quality of food (natural and supplemental) affects the reproductive results of a hares across the energy value of milk (14.5 kJg-1 in Spring and 11.03 kJg-1 in autumn), and the mass of hunting hares (higher in rural areas). Supplementary feeding of pheasants in the spring contributes to improving the reproduction of some results, and improving the percentage of body weight and survival of young pheasants who have settled in the hunting area.

U radu su na revijalan način prikazane nutritivne specifičnosti zeca i fazana, oblici i postupci dodatne ishrane, i njihov uticaj na reproduktivne rezultate i odstrelnu masu ovih vrsta divljači. Fazan koristi u ishrani hraniva biljnog i životinjskog porekla. Hrana životinjskog porekla (prvenstveno insekti) učestvuju u obroku podmlatka do 80%, a u obroku odraslih sa 20-30%. Ishrana zeca kao ortodoksnog herbivore se zasniva na divljim biljnim vrstama i ratarskim kulturama. Ranija istraživanja ukazuju da u poljoprivrednim područjima oko 50% ishrane zeca čine samo 2-3 biljne vrste, pri čemu zimi dominira zelena pšenica. Dopunska ishrana divljači podrazumeva ne samo plansko unošenje hrane u otvorena lovišta tokom zime, već i korišćenje namenski gajenih ratarskih kultura u toku cele godine. Kvalitet ishrane (prirodne i dopunske) utiče na reproduktivne rezultate zeca preko energetske vrednosti mleka (14,5 kJg-1 u proleće i 11,03 kJg-1 u jesen), kao i na odstrelnu masu zečeva (veća u poljoprivrednim područjima). Dopunska ishrana fazana u proleće doprinosi popravljanju nekih reproduktivnih rezultata, kao i popravljanju procenta preživljavanja i telesne mase mladih fazana koji su naseljeni u lovišta.