Analysis grain yield and quality of some cultivars of winter wheat in 2010 and in 2011

Abstract

Wheat was in the past, is at present and will surely be in the future, basic and vital element of the daily diet of humans and animals. The world market, and more and we do have expressed the desire and request of sorts, which in addition to high and stable yields with good quality parameters and flour. Cultivar with the most stable yield and good quality grain varieties Talas and Pobeda. These varieties are high in quality protein and by analogy, this is a high gluten content and quality, as confirmed by rheological measurements. High yields of tested wheat varieties are the result of the interaction of genetic potential of the tested wheat varieties and application of good management systems in circumstances where the distribution of rainfall during the growing seasons, from the time of sowing and harvest was favorable to the production of wheat. After a Talas of testing cultivars and classified Pobeda in A2 quality group, and to the cultivar of good quality flour and bread, and as such belong to the group of improvers. Varieties Merkur, the Carica and Ratarica are classified as B1 that is a quality group. they are good cultivars of bread. cultivars NS 40S and Balaton are classified as B2 quality group. The cultivars with the lowest quality is sort Apach and classified in the C1 group of quality, which means that millers and bakers have flour mixed with a variety of cultivars of flour improver, to obtain good quality bread.

Pšenica, je bila u prošlosti, jeste u sadašnjosti a sigurno će biti i u budućnosti bazni i vitalni element svakodnevne ishrane ljudi i životinja. Na svetskom tržištu, a sve više i kod nas postoji izražena težnja i traženost sorti, koje pored visokog i stabilnog prinosa imaju i dobre parametre kvaliteta brašna. Sorte sa najstabilnijim prinosom i dobrim kvalitetom zrna su sorte Talas i Pobeda. Ove sorte imaju visok sadržaj kvalitetnih proteina a analogno ovome je i visok sadržaj glutena ali i kvalitet, što su potvrdila reološka merenja. Visoki prinosi ispitivanih sorata pšenice jesu rezultat interakcije genetičkog potencijala ispitivanih sorata pšenice i primena dobre agrotehnike u uslovima kada je raspored padavina u toku vegetacione sezone, od momenta setve, pa do žetve pogodovao proizvodnji pšenice. Nakon ispitivanja sorte Talas i Pobeda svrstane u A2 kvalitetnu grupu, odnosno to su sorte dobrog kvaliteta brašna i hleba i kao takve spadaju u grupu poboljšivača. Sorte Merkur, Carica i Ratarica svrstane su u B1 kvalitetnu grupu tj. one su dobre hlebne sorte. Sorte NS 40S i Balaton svrstane su u B2 kvalitetnu grupu. Sorta sa najlošijim kvalitetom je sorta Apač i svrstana je u C1 kvalitetnu grupu što znači da mlinari i pekari moraju brašno ove sorte mešati sa brašnom sorata poboljšivača, da bi se dobio kvalitetan hleb.