Influence of the way of nitrogen nutrition and sowing time on soybean yield

Abstract

In this work influence of the way of nitrogen nutrition (by fertilization and by inoculation) and sowing time on soybean yield, was investigated. In two varieties (Bačka and Dragana), with inoculation and without inoculation of seed, fertilization was done with 50 and 100 kg/ha of nitrogen, plus control (without fertilization). In all variants of investigation it was obtained a very high seed yield (4,35-5,69 t/ha). The highest yield was obtained in combination of fertilization with 100 kg/ha of nitrogen, as well as with inoculation so without inoculation, and the lowest in variants without fertilization and inoculation. On the variant with seed inoculation, and without nitrogen fertilization, seed yield of both varieties was higher for 7,27% than without inoculation. Also, inoculation but without fertilization gave for 130 kg/ha seed yield than in combinations of fertilization with 50 kg/ha of nitrogen and without inoculation. Soybean is the plant which react very strong to sowing time, because it significantly prolong or shorten the duration of some development stages and total duration of vegetation period. It react very positively to the early sowing terms and because of that, in our growing conditions (especially in more arid), it should be sown before corn. .

U ovom radu je isplivan uticaj načina ishrane (đubrenjem i inokulacijom) azotom i vremena setve na prinos soje. Kod dve sorte (Bačka i Dragana), sa inokulacijom i bez inokulacije semena, vršeno je đubrenje sa 50 i 100 kg/ha azota, plus kontrola (bez đubrenja). U svim varijantama ispitivanja postignut je vrlo visok prinos semena (4,35-5,69 t/ha). Najveći prinos postignut je u kombinacijama đubrenja sa 100 kg/ha azota, kako sa inokulacijom tako i bez inokulacije, a najmanji u varijantama bez đubrenja i inokulacije. Na varijanti sa inokulacijom semena, a bez đubrenja azotom, prinos semena obe sorte bio je veći za 7,27% nego bez inokulacije. Takođe, inokulacija a bez đubrenja je dala za 130 kg/ha prinos semena nego u kombinacijama đubrenja sa 50 kg/ha azota i bez inokulacije. Soja je biljka koja vrlo oštro reaguje na vreme setve, stoga što ono značajno produžava ili skraćuje trajanje pojedinih faza razvića i ukupne dužine vegetacionog perioda. Ona vrlo pozitivno reaguje na rane rokove setve i zato je, u našim uslovima gajenja (posebno u aridnijim), treba sejati pre kukuruza.