Botrytis cinerea control and the problem of fungicide resistance

Abstract

Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of grey mould, greatly affects fruit, grapevine, vegetable and ornamental crops production. It is a common causal agent of diseases in plants grown in protected areas, as well as fruit decay during storage and transport. The fungus invades almost all parts of the plant in all developmental stages, and the symptoms are usually described as grey mould, grey mildew, brown rot and seedling blight. The paper reviews the current knowledge on control possibilities of this necrotrophic pathogen. The attention is particularly paid to the mode of action of novel fungicides and to the problem of resistance. It is pointed out that by limiting the number of treatments in the growing season, avoiding the use of only one fungicide with a high risk for resistance development, appropriate application rate and timing, using mixtures of pesticides with different modes of action, as well as by alternative use of pesticides from different resistance groups, a longterm preservation of pesticide efficacy is provided.

Botrytis cinerea, prouzrokovač sive truleži, značajno ugrožava proizvodnju voća, grožđa, povrća i ukrasnog bilja. Često izaziva bolesti biljaka gajenih u zaštićenom prostoru, kao i trulež plodova tokom skladištenja i transporta. Gljiva parazitira skoro sve delove biljke u svim fazama razvoja, a simptomi se najčešće opisuju kao siva trulež, siva plesan, palež, mrka trulež, a zapaženo je i poleganje klijanaca. U radu je dat pregled dosadašnjih saznanja o mogućnostima suzbijanja ovog nekrotrofnog patogena. Posebna pažnja je posvećena mehanizmu delovanja fungicida novije generacije kao i problemu rezistentnosti. Istaknuto je da se ograničenjem broja tretiranja u toku jedne vegetacije, izbegavanjem upotrebe samo jednog fungicida visokog rizika za razvoj rezistentnosti, odgovarajućom dozom i vremenom primene, upotrebom mešavina pesticida različitog mehanizma delovanja kao i alternativnom primenom pesticida iz različitih rezistentnih grupa omogućuje dugotrajno očuvanje efikasnosti pesticida.