Isoenzyme polymorphism in plum cultivars

Abstract

Isoenzyme polymorphism in 43 standard and 9 autochtonous cultivars which belong to hexaploid plums (Prunus domestica L. and Prunus insititia L.) were studied to determine the possibility of its application in cultivar determination. Five enzyme systems: acid phosphatase (ACP), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), glutamate oxaloacetate tansaminase (GOT), menadione reductase (MNR) and peroxidase (PRX) were analyzed using the method of vertical electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel. Four systems (ACP, ADH, GOT and PRX) were polymorphic at six loci. Among the studied cultivars, 19 had unique zymograms, while the remaining 33 cultivars were divided into 12 groups. Cluster analysis was used to construct a dendrogram and on it three clusters with different number of cultivars could be separated. Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that the studied enzymes could be useful in plum cultivar determination. Better efficiency in cultivar separation was obtained in autochtonous than in standard plum cultivars. Among studied enzymes the most useful in plum cultivar identification was peroxidase.

Proučavan je polimorfizam izoenzima kod 43 standardne i 9 autohtonih sorti koje pripadaju grupi heksaploidnih šljiva (Prunus domestica L. i Prunus insititia L.). Analizirano je pet enzimskih sistema: kisele fosfataze (ACP), alkohol dehidrogenaze (ADH), glutamat oksaloacetat transaminaze (GOT), menadion reduktaze (MNR) i peroksidaze (PRX) metodom vertikalne elektroforeze na poliakrilamidnom gelu. Polimorfizam je utvrđen za četiri enzimska sistema (ACP, ADH, GOT i PRX) kod kojih je izdvojeno šest polimorfnih lokusa. Od proučavanih sorti 19 je imalo unikatne zimograme, dok su preostale 33 sorte bile podeljene u 12 grupa. Primenom klaster analize dobijen je dendrogram na kome se mogu izdvojiti tri grupe srodnih sorti. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da proučavani enzimski sistemi mogu biti korisni za identifikaciju sorti šljive. Veća efikasnost u razdvajanju dobijena je kod autohtonih u odnosu na standardne sorte. Među ispitivanim izoenzimima najveći uticaj na razdvajanje sorti šljive su imale peroksidaze.