Characteristics of one-year old shoots of peach and nectarine cultivars

Abstract

Morphological properties of one-year old shoots were studied in 15 peach and 10 nectarine cultivars during a two-year period. The following properties were studied: length and diameter of shoots, internode length, number of flower and vegetative buds and their ratio. The properties of sylleptic shoots on one-year old shoots were also studied. For all the investigated properties statistically significant differences between the cultivars were found. Cultivars with higher flower bud density (higher number of flower buds per node or per 1 m length) such as: 'Suncrest', 'Pegaso' and 'Carolina Belle' require severe pruning to obtain good fruit quality. On the other hand, cultivars with less flower bud density e.g. 'Summerset', 'Sunprince' and 'Goldcrest' should be pruned slightly to obtain high yield. In the regions with high risk of freeze damage cultivars with higher flower bud density should be grown.

Morfološke osobine mešovitih rodnih grančica proučavane su kod 15 sorti breskve i 10 sorti nektarine u periodu od dve godine. Ispitivane su sledeće osobine: dužina i debljina grančica, dužina internodija, broj cvetnih i vegetativnih pupoljaka i njihov odnos. Takođe su proučavane i osobine prevremenih grančica koje se nalaze na mešovitim rodnim grančicama. Za sve ispitivane osobine utvrđene su značajne razlike između sorti. Sorte sa većom gustinom cvetnih pupoljaka zahtevaju jaču rezidbu, dok kod sorti sa manjom gustinom cvetnih pupoljaka treba primeniti rezidbu slabijeg intenziteta.