Grain yield of maize hybrids of different FAO maturity groups in function of rainfall during ASI

Abstract

The aim of this investigation was to estimate the effects of total yearly rainfall and total rainfall during anthesis - silking inteval (ASI) on the grain yield and grain moisture in nine hybrids maize. Studied hybrids belong to different maturity groups FAO 400 (ZP 42 A, ZP 434, ZP 480), FAO 500 (ZP 570, ZP 580, ZP 599) and FAO 600 (ZP 677, ZP 680, ZP 684). Field trails were carried out in dry land farming, at location Bjeljina, during the years 2002 and 2003. Two years differed significantly in amount and distribution of precipitation. In 2003, average grain yield for hybrids, was significantly higher then in 2002 because of better distribution of precipitation and higher amount of precipitation during ASI. In both research years, hybrids within maturity group FAO 600 produced higher grain yield (10.792 kg ha-1) then hybrids within maturity group FAO 500 (9.545 kg ha-1) and FAO 400 (8.725 kg ha-1). It was concluded that the total amount of rainfall is not as significant for grain yield of maize, as the amount of rainfall during the ASI.

Cilj istraživanja bio je da se odredi uticaj ukupne količine padavina i količine padavina tokom perioda metličenje - svilanje (ASI) na prinos suvog zrna i sadržaj vlage u zrnu kod devet hibrida kukuruza. Hibridi su pripadali grupama zrenja FAO 400 (ZP 42 A, ZP 434, ZP 480), FAO 500 (ZP 570, ZP 580, ZP 599) i FAO 600 (ZP 677, ZP 680, ZP 684). Ogledi su izvedeni u suvom ratarenju, na lokaciji Bjeljina, tokom 2002. i 2003. godine. Godine ispitivanja razlikovale su se značajno po količini i rasporedu padavina. Prinos zrna kukuruza, u proseku za hibride, u 2003. godini bio je značajno veći nego u 2002. zbog povoljnijeg rasporeda padavina, odnosno veće količine padavina tokom ASI. U obe godine istraživanja, hibridi FAO 600 grupe zrenja obrazovali su veće prinose zrna (10.792 kg ha-1) nego hibridi FAO 500 (9.545 kg ha-1) i FAO 400 (8.725 kg ha-1) grupe zrenja. Zaključeno je da ukupna količina padavina nije toliko značajna za prinos zrna kukuruza, koliko količina padavina tokom ASI.