Management of roe deer and wild boar populations with the aim to reduce devastation in agriculture and forestry of Serbia

Abstract

The devastation from roe deer and wild boar populations in agriculture and forestry usually occur due to the deficits, low quality or inaccurate feed distribution in the hunting grounds, game disturbance and their habits. With the adequate management measures those harmful effects may be reduced or prevented. One of more important measures is the increase of feed production in the hunting ground or additional feeding with feeds from other sources during the periods when devastations occur. That way the harmful effects in agriculture and forestry may be reduced up to 50%. With those measures, at the same time, the number of animals is preserved, the losses are reduced and the quality of trophies is increased - in other words the harms on game animals is reduced. Also, it is possible to do a number of mechanic or chemical measures to protect crops, orchards and vineyards, forests, domestic animals and bees. It is also possible to fence the hunting ground and keep game animals in controlled environment.

Štete od srna i divljih svinja u poljoprivredi i šumarstvu najčešće nastaju zbog nedostataka, lošeg kvaliteta i neodgovarajuće distribucije hrane u lovištu, uznemiravanja divljači, kao i zbog navika divljači. Odgovarajućim gazdinskim merama u lovištu ove štete se mogu smanjiti ili sprečiti. Jedna od važnijih mera je svakako povećanje proizvodnje hrane u samom lovištu ili prihranjivanje divljači hranom iz drugih izvora u periodu kada nastaju štete. Na ovaj način se štete od divljači u šumarstvu i poljoprivredi mogu smanjiti i do 50%. Navedenim postupcima se, istovremeno, održava odgovarajuća brojnost divljači, kontrolišu gubici i povećava kvalitet trofeja, odnosno, smanjuju se štete na samoj divljači. Pored toga, moguće je preduzeti i niz mehaničkih ili hemijskih mera zaštite ratarskih i povrtarskih useva, voćnjaka i vinograda, šuma, domaćih životinja i pčela, ili ograditi lovište i gajiti divljač u kontrolisanim uslovima.