Scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) on stone fruit-trees in Serbia

Abstract

The most important scale in sects on stone fruit-trees in Serbia are Pseuda - ulacaspis pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) and Epidiaspis leperii (Signoret) from the family Diaspididae, and Parthenolecanium corni (Bouche) and Parthenolecanium persicae (Fabricius) from the family Coccidae. These species are present in a higher population number in extensive orchards, provoking the greatest damages on peach, plum and apricot trees. In recent years in Serbia, Ps. pentagona has been appearing in very large populations and with noticeable damages on peach trees in extensive, as well as intensive orchards. Scale insects are physiological pests. Sucking the plant sap mainly from stem and branches they exhaust the plant, and as a result some branches as well as the whole tree may dry out. A larger number of parasitoid and predator species are registered in the colonies of these scales in Serbia. Their efficiency in the reduction of populations of these scales can be above 45%. The most important measure in the prevention of scale insects' spreading is to provide healthy plant material. Winter sprinkling with preparations based on mineral oil can be used to control scales. During vegetation period, when the first in stars emerge, preparations based on methidathion, azinphos-methyl, methomyl, buprofezin and selective insecticides based on fenoxycarb can be applied in order to preserve the natural enemies. .

Na području Srbije, najznačajne vrste štitastih vašiju na koštičavim voćka - ma su Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) i Epidiaspis leperii (Signoret) iz familije Diaspididae i Parthenolecanium corni (Bouche) i Parthenolecanium persicae (Fabricius) iz familije Coccidae. U većoj brojnosti ove vrste su prisutne u ekstenzivnim zasadima, a najveća oštećenja izazivaju na breskvi, šljivi i kajsiji. Poslednjih godina, P. pentagona se u Srbiji javlja u veoma brojnim populacijama i sa ispoljenom štetnošću na koštičavim voćkama, posebno na breskvi, ne samo u ekstenzivnim, već i u intenzivnim zasadima. U radu su dati podaci o morfologiji, ciklusu razvića, štetnosti, prirodnim neprijateljima i načinu suzbijanja navedenih vrsta.