Relationships among quantitative traits in F3, F4 and F5 wheat hybrids obtained by pedigree and bulk selection

Abstract

Relationships among quantitative traits of wheat were analyzed in parents and their F3, F4 and F5 hybrids. Three female parents (Briscard, Carifen 12 and Rescler) were crossed with two male parents (Francuska and PKB-Prelivka). Same crosses were repeated 4 years, from 1996 to 1999. Hybrids were obtained via pedigree and bulk selection. In year 2000 the field experiments were set up with all parental and hybrid material, at the Institute 'PKB INI Agroekonomik', in Padinska Skela, near Belgrade. Six traits were measured: plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000 grain weight and grain weight per spike. In parental genotypes, it was found grain mass per spike was in significant and positive correlation with 1000 grain mass and number of grains per spike. As in parents, correlation between grain mass per spike and 1000 grain weight was almost functional in F3, F4 and F5 hybrids. However, correlation between grain mass per spike and number of grains per spike was negative or slight positive in hybrid descendents, what is surprising because it is oppositely to the parents. Similar values of correlation coefficients were found in both applied methods of selection. This fact shows correlations change between generations. Grain mass per spike depends on a 1000 grain mass in both, parental and hybrid generations. Stable relationship between traits could be use for selection of high yielding genotypes.

U radu su analizirani odnosi između šest kvantitativnih osobina (visina biljke, dužina klasa, broj klasića po klasu, broj zrna po klasu, masa 1000 zrna i masa zrna po klasu) kod roditelja i hibrida pšenice F3, F4 i F5 generacija dobijenih primenom dva metoda selekcije (pedigre i bulk). Hibridi pšenice dobijeni su ukrštanjem pet sorti, po M x N metodu. Tri sorte su korišćene kao majke (Briscard, Carifen 12 i Rescler), a dve kao očevi (Francuska i PKB-Prelivka). Od šest F1 hibrida (3x2) proizvedena su potomstva F2 generacije. Selekcija iz F2 generacije trajala je od 1996. do 1999., a u 2000. godini postavljeni su poljski ogledi sa celokupnim materijalom u Institutu 'PKB INI Agroekonomik' u Padinskoj Skeli. Vrednosti koeficijenata korelacije bile su slične kod potomstva F3, F4 i F5 generacije pri oba metoda selekcije. Najjača korelacija bila je između mase zrna po klasu i mase 1000 zrna.