The change of the structure of macrozoobenthos in the Jelenački stream under the influence of pollution

Abstract

With the objective of determining the changes of the structure of macrozoobenthos under the influence of pollution, the investigations of the Jelenački stream were conducted. The investigations were conducted seasonally in the period from April 2000. to January 2001. on 6 localities from the spring in the Fruška Gora to the mouth near Ruma. The macroinvertebrates community on the bottom of the investigated stream in composed of 15 animal groups with 35 determined taxa (at the level of genus or species). Among the determined groups, Diptera are the most diversity (9 taxa), while the most uniform are the insect orders Odonata, Plecoptera and Planipennia (each with one determined species). Moving away from spring, the diversity of macrozoobenthos increases, while downstream from the third locality the diversity decreases because of the increased presence of organic and inorganic substances. The highest ascertained diversity index is on the third (1.14) and the lowest on the sixth (0.16) locality. By analysing the similarities between the communities on the investigated localities, it was ascertained that the highest level of similarity in the bottom fauna is between the first and second locality (0.64), while the least similar is benthocenoses from the third locality with fifth and the sixth locality (0.10 and 0.09).

Sa ciljem da se utvrde promene strukture makrozoobentosa pod uticajem zagađenja obavljena su istraživanja Jelenačkog potoka. Ispitivanja su obavljena sezonski u periodu od aprila 2000. do januara 2001. godine, na 6 lokaliteta od izvora na Fruškoj Gori do ušća kod Rume. Zajednicu makroinvertebrata dna istraživanog toka čini 15 životinjskih grupa sa 35 determinisanih taksona (na nivou roda ili vrste). Od determinisanih grupa najvećeg diverziteta su Diptera (9 taksona), dok su najuniformniji insekatski redovi (Odonata, Plecoptera i Planipennia (sa po jednom determinisanom vrstom). Udaljavanjem od izvora raznovrsnost makrozoobentosa raste, da bi nizvodno od trećeg lokaliteta usled povećanja prisustva organskih i neorganskih materija došlo do pada diverziteta. Najveći konstatovani indeks diverziteta je na trećem (1,14), a najmanji na šestom (0,16) lokalitetu. Analizom sličnosti između zajednica istraživanih lokaliteta konstatovano je da je najveći stepen sličnosti faune dna između prvog i drugog lokaliteta (0,64). dok je najmanje slična bentocenoza trećeg sa petim i šestim lokalitetom (0,10 odnosno 0,09).