Economic determinants quality of fruits

Abstract

The quality of fruits is often defined as the sum of the differently associated fruit properties - external and internal mechanical, physical, chemical, organoleptic, from which certain state and favourableness emanate in sense of meeting the technological and nutritive requirements of the fruit as food. The properties which contribute most to the quality of fruit are: sensuous, organoleptic - especially ratio of sugar and acid, flavour and its significance and chemical-biological - content of vitamins, microelements and enzymes, as well as absence of pesticide residues. The quality of fruit depends both on favourable characteristics of fruits for satisfying physiological needs of human organism, on the one hand, and causing a significant level of pleasant feeling while being used, on the other hand. Bearing in mind the increasing demands set by the customers and international quality standards, the paper deals with economic aspects of the quality concept of agricultural-alimentary products, with special emphasize on fruit quality. .

Kvalitet voća se najčešće definiše kao suma različito povezanih svojstava plodova - spoljašnih i unutrašnjih, mehaničkih, fizičkih, hemijskih i organoleptičkih, iz kojih proističe određeno stanje i povoljnost u smislu zadovoljenja tehnoloških i nutritivnih vrednosti voća kao hrane. Svojstva koja najviše doprinose kvalitetu voća su: estetska, organoleptička - naročito odnos šećera i kiselina, arome i njena izraženost i hemijsko-biološka - sadržaj vitamina, mikroelemenata i enzima, kao i odsustvo štetnih supstanci rezidua pesticida. Znači, kvalitet voća je uslovljen prvenstveno povoljnošću plodova da što uspešnije zadovoljavaju fiziološke potrebe ljudskog organizma, uz istovremeno postizanje značajnog stepena prijatnosti pri njihovom neposrednom korišćenju. Polazeći od sve većih zahteva potrošača i međunarodnih standarda kvaliteta, u radu će biti sagledani ekonomski aspekti pojma kvaliteta poljoprivredno-prehrambenih proizvoda, s posebnim osvrtom na kvalitet voća. .