The influence of organic and inorganic Fe supplementation on red blood picture, immune response and quantity of iron in organs of broiler chickens

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of organic and inorganic Fe supplementation on red blood picture, immune response and quantity of iron in organs of broiler chickens. The trial was conducted on 200 'Arbor Acres' chickens randomly alloted in four equal groups. Birds from all groups were fed standard broiler feed, supplemented with 40 mg/kg of Fe originating from different sources: Group I (FeSO4), Group II (Fe bounded to yeast), Group III (ferrous ascorbate) and Group IV (iron chelate). From each group, 10 birds were sacrificed on 21st, 35th and 42nd day and the following parameters were measured: erythrocyte count, hematocrite value, hemoglobin concentration, concentration of nonheme iron in spleen, liver and bone marrow (femur), degree of cutaneous hypersensitivity to PHA and titers of antibodies to Gumboro virus following vaccination. Addition of organic iron supplements resulted in increased erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrite value on the 21st day. Different iron forms did not change the concentration of nonheme iron in the liver on the 21st and 42nd day. On the 35th day, the group supplemented with ferrous ascorbate had lower liver iron concentration. Also, concentrations of nonheme iron in the spleen were lower in groups supplemented with organic iron forms. The concentration of iron in the bone marrow decreased with age and the lowest values were recorded in the ferrous ascorbate supplemented group. The degree of cutaneous hypersensitivity to PHA was higher in groups supplemented with organic iron forms on the 21st and 35th day. Titers of anti-Gumboro antibodies were higher in the group supplemented with iron helate on the 35th day, but later (day 42) no significant differences were observed among groups.

Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita uticaj organski i neorganski vezanog gvožđa na crvenu krvnu sliku, imunski odgovor i količinu gvožđa u pojedinim organima. Ogled je izveden na ukupno 200 brojlera podeljenih u četiri jednake grupe. U smeše za ishranu brojlera dodavano je gvožđe u količini od 40 mg/kg koje je poticalo iz različitih izvora: fero sulfat (ogledna grupa I), gvožđe vezano za kvasac (ogledna grupa II), fero askorbat (ogledna grupa III) i helatno gvožđe (ogledna grupa IV). Kod piladi u dobi od 21, 35 i 42 dana praćeni su sledeći parametri: broj eritrocita, koncentracija hemoglobina, količina nehemskog gvožđa u jetri, slezini i kostnoj srži, vrednosti testa kožne preosetljivosti na fitohemaglutinin (PHA) i titar specifičnih antitela u krvnoj plazmi posle vakcinacije protiv Gumboro bolesti. Kod piladi u dobi od 21 dan svi ispitivani preparati gvožđa u kojima je ono bilo organski vezano, doveli su do povećanja broja eritrocita i koncentracije hemoglobina. Različiti oblici gvožđa u ishrani živine nisu uticali na količinu depononovanog nehemskog gvožđa u jetri piladi u dobi od 21 i 42 dan. Pilad u dobi od 35 dana, koja su u hrani dobijala fero askorbat, imala su značajno manje gvožđa deponovanog u jetri. Količina nehemskog gvožđa u slezini bila je manja kod piladi koja su hranom dobijala organski vezano gvožđe. Količina nehemskog gvožđa u kostnoj srži butne kosti piladi smanjivala se sa starošću jedinki a najmanja količina nehemskog gvožđa u kostnoj srži je zabeležena u grupi koja je hranom dobijala fero askorbat. Stepen kožne reaktivnosti na PHA bio je veći kod jedinki u dobi od 21 i 35 dana suplementiranih organski vezanim gvožđem. Upotreba helatno vezanog gvožđa u ishrani brojlera dovela je do statistički značajno veće produkcije antitela protiv Gumboro virusa nakon vakcinacije, kod piladi u dobi od 35 dana. Titar antitela kod jedinki u dobi od 42 dana u svim oglednim grupama bio je ujednačen.