Control of climatic condition inside greenhouses

Abstract

Climatic conditions in greenhouses are very important concerning plant growth and development. If adequate and accurate control is applied energy and labor saving can be obtained flowed by good quality products and higher yields. Successful greenhouse production is defined by four main factors - temperature, light, water content of the air and soil, and quality of air inside the objects. In this paper climatic conditions in greenhouses are analyzed and possibilities of their good control are given. Vertical and horizontal temperature distribution are shown for double plastic covered tunnel during tomato production. Values obtained show that temperature and air relative humidity variation in greenhouse, can be used for heating system projection and installation. Influence of air quality on time of picking and production quality is also shown.

Praćenje klimatskih parametara u objektima zaštićenog prostora veoma je značajan činilac uspešnosti biljne proizvodnje. Ukoliko se pravilno i dovoljno brzo reaguje na promenu mikroklimatskih parametara, mogu da se ostvare značajne uštede u energiji i ljudskom radu, što rezultira većom energetskom efikasnošću i kvalitetnijem proizvodu koji se iznosi na tržište. Faktori uspešnosti biljne proizvodnje u zaštićenom prostoru su temperatura, svetlost, vlažnost vazduha i zemljišta i sastav i kvalitet vazduha. U radu je data analiza klimatskih uslova u objektima zaštićenog prostora i mogućnost za njihovo praćenje i kontrolu. Analiziran je raspored temperatura u objektima i to po dužini, širini i visini objekta. Temperature su praćene u objektu tunel tipa, pokrivenom dvostrukom folijom, u vreme proizvodnje paradajza. Dobijene vrednosti temperature i relativne vlažnosti vazduha, koje pokazuje određena variranja mogu da posluže za kasnije projektovanje tehničkih sistema zagrevanja i njegovog postavljanja.