The production maize in condition intensive nutrition plants of nitrogen

Abstract

Investigation about effect of high amounts of nitrogen and source of nitrogen on maize yield and quality was conducted on Faculty of Agriculture experimental field in Radmilovac. Object of research was hybrid ZP 434. Four variants of nitrogen nutrition were applied: 50 kg/ha, 100 kg/ha, 150 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha and control. Second factor was two source of nitrogen: amonium-nitrate (KAN) and karbamid (Urea). Results showed that application of high amounts of nitrogen on soil with 0,17% of this nutrient had significant effect on maize plants morphological characteristics and productivity and chemical properties of grain. Effect of two different sources of nitrogen was influenced by water regime during growing period. Under conditions of better water regime Urea was more suitable for plant nutrition, while effect of KAN was better under unfourable water regime.

Dvogodišnja istraživanja uticaja povećanih količina i oblika azota na prinos i kvalitet zrna kukuruza izvedena su na Školskom dobru Poljoprivrednog fakulteta u Radmilovcu. Predmet proučavanja bio je hibrid kukuruza ZP 434. Obuhvaćene su četiri varijante ishrane kukuruza azotom 50 kg/ha, 100 kg/ha, 150 kg/ha i 200 kg/ha aktivne materije i kontrola. Drugi faktor bila su dva oblika azotnih soli: krečni amonijumnitrat (KAN) i karbamid, odnosno diamid ugljene kiseline (Urea). Rezultati ovih istraživanja pokazali su da na zemljištu srednje obezbeđenom azotom (0,17%) ovaj biogeni elemenat u povećanim količinama značajno utiče na morfološke i produktivne osobine biljaka i na hemijski sastav zrna kukuruza. Na promene morfoloških osobina, na produktivnost i hemijski sastav zrna uticaj oblika upotrebljenih azotnih hraniva zavisio je od vodnog režima tokom vegetacionog perioda kukuruza. U uslovima povoljnijeg rasporeda padavina Urea je bila pogodnija za ishranu biljaka, a KAN u godini sa nepovoljnijim vodnim režimom.