Agronomic traits of naked barley in comparison with covered barley

Abstract

In recent times the interest in the use of naked barley in direct human consumption and industrial processing has been increased. This is, first of all, based on the fact that naked barley presents a rich source of nutritive plant fibres and that it is not necessary to remove hull mechanically. Naked barley cultivation had not been tradition in Serbia, and therefore naked barley breeding programmes have been implemented in our institutes since 1990s. Tested germplasm originating from Asia, Africa and America was introduced, crosses were performed and first inbreds and varieties of naked barley were derived. This paper presents some agronomic traits of introduced naked barley germplasm from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) ) and domestic naked barley lines of a recent development in comparison with covered barley varieties under agroecological conditions of eastern Serbia.

Poslednjih desetak godina u svetu raste interes za upotrebom golozrnog ječma u direktnoj ljudskoj ishrani i industrijskoj preradi. Razlog za to je pre svega što golozrni ječam predstavlja bogat izvor rastvorljivih biljnih vlakana i da nije potrebno mehanički odvajati plevice. U Srbiji ne postoji tradicija gajenja ovog varijeteta ječma zbog čega su u domaćim institutima devedesetih godina prošlog veka zasnovani programi oplemenjivanja golozrnog ječma. Introdukovana je i testirana germplazma iz Azije, Afrike i Amerike, izvršena su ukrštanja i stvorene prve linije i sorte golozrnog ječma. U radu su prikazane neke agronomske osobine linija golozrnog ječma proeklom iz Мeđunarodnog Centra za poljoprivredna istraživanja u sušnim reonima (ICARDA), Sirija, i novostvorenih linija golozrnog ječma u poređenju sa sortama plevičastog ječma u agroekološkim uslovima istočne Srbije.