Pome fruit viruses in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Abstract

Field surveys and laboratory tests were carried out to assess the sanitary status of pome fruit trees in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Field surveys were carried out in 10 orchards, two nurseries and one varietal collection during 2005-2006. A total of 65 apple and 51 pear cultivars were tested for the presence of the four most important pome fruit viruses: Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV), Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) and Apple mosaic virus (ApMV). The most frequent viruses of apple were ACLSV (72%) and ASPV (69%), whereas for pear those were ASGV (69%) and ACLSV (64%). Biological indexing was more reliable than ELISA for virus detection. Multiplex RT-PCR results of 20 randomly selected apple cultivars were in line with biological indexing. This is the first report of the presence of ACLSV, ASPV, ASGV and ApMV in Bosnia and Herzegovina in pome fruits.

Pregled voćnjaka i laboratorijska testiranja vršena su u cilju utvrđivanja sanitarnog statusa jabučastih voćaka u Bosni i Hercegovini. Pregledano je 10 voćnjaka, dva rasadnika i jedan kolekcioni zasad tokom 2005. godine. Ukupno 65 sorti jabuke i 50 kruške testirano je na prisustvo četiri najznačajnija virusa jabučastih voćaka: virus hlorotične lisne pegavosti jabuke (Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus, ACLSV), virus jamičavosti stabla jabuke (Apple stem pitting virus, ASPV), virus brazdavosti stabla jabuke (Apple stem grooving virus, ASGV) i virus mozaika jabuke (Apple mosaic virus, ApMV). Na ispitivanim sortama jabuke, najzastupljeniji su bili ACLSV (72%) i ASPV (69%), dok je najznačajnije prisustvo, na određenim sortama kruške, utvrđeno za ASGV (69%) i ACLSV (64%). Biološko indeksiranje se pokazalo kao pouzdanija tehnika za detekciju virusa jabučastih voćaka od ELISA. Kod 20 slučajno odabranih sorti jabuke, rezultati dobijeni biološkim indeksiranjem su potvrđeni multiplex RT-PCR. Ovaj rad predstavlja prvo saopštenje o prisustvu virusa ACLSV, ASPV, ASGV i ApMV na jabučastim voćkama u Bosni i Hercegovini.