Italian ryegrass seed quality of different ploidy

Abstract

Three cultivars (domestic K-13 diploid and K-29 tetraploid, and introduced Tetraflorum tetraploid) were investigated in two years' trials, with and without spring Pi-fertilizing. The results of this investigation showed that the high quality of Italian ryegrass seed could be achieved with two cuttings in the first production year. Spring M-application did not influence TSW (thousand seed weight), germination rate and total germination. The produced seed from the first harvest cut was of an excellent quality, with high germination rate (K-13 - 79%, K-29 - 88% and Tetraflorum - 87%) and total germination (K-13 - 91%, K-29 - 96% and Tetraflorum - 93%). The difference in TSW was obtained between diploid and tetraploids (in the average 2,81 gr in proportion to 4,56 and 4,84 gr). The seed produced from the second harvest cut had lower germination and TSW.

Ispitivane su tri sorte italijanskog ljulja, domaći diploid K-13 i tetraploid K-29, kao i uvozni tetraploid Tetraflorum, preko kvaliteta semena prve proizvodne godine iz dva žetvena otkosa. Prihrana azotom od 50 kg ha-1 nije uticala na masu 1000 semena, energiju klijanja i ukupnu klijavost. U prvom otkosu je dobijeno seme visoke energije klijanja i ukupne klijavosti (K-13 sa 79% energije klijanja i 91% ukupnom klijavošću, K-29 sa 88 i 96% i Tetraflorum sa 87 i 93%), a razlike u masi su ustanovljene između diploidnih i tetraploidnih sorti (prosečno 2,81 gr prema 4,56 i 4,84 gr), što je očekivano. Seme dobijeno drugom žetvom pokazalo je manju klijavost i masu 1000 semena.